ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2019
Utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in the management of immunocompromised patients presenting with lung infiltrates.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01374542 (Respiratory Endoscopy), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Respiratory Endoscopy: Diagnostic Yield, Technical Factors and Complications
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of antimicrobial exposure on bronchoscopy yields in immunocompromised patients: a single-centre experience.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Flexible bronchoscopy in the intensive care unit: the FLEXICARE survey.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Respiratory and blood samples metagenomic sequencing in diagnosing pulmonary infections in hematologic patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
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- The Diagnostic Utility of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Pulmonary Infections:Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Article
- Utility and Safety of Bronchoalveolar Lavage for Diagnosis and Management of Respiratory Illnesses in Immunocompromised Children.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- The Role of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Therapeutic Antimicrobial Choices for Hematologic Patients with Pulmonary Infiltrates.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
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- Factors influencing management modifications following fiberoptic bronchoscopy in critically ill ICU patients.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Clinical Utility of Stepwise Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysis in Diagnosing and Managing Lung Infiltrates in Leukemia/Lymphoma Patients With Febrile Neutropenia.JCO global oncology · 2024Observational
- Application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in hematological patients with high-risk febrile neutropenia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Differential Gene Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Positive Bronchoalveolar Lavages: A Case Series.Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology · 2024Article
- Safety of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Hematological Patients with Thrombocytopenia. A Retrospective Cohort Study.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2024Article
- How I approach: the transplant recipient with fever and pulmonary infiltrates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- The Added Value of Bronchoalveolar Lavage for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis in High-Risk Hospitalized Patients with Negative Sputum Samples.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Article
- Heterogenous lung inflammation CT patterns distinguish pneumonia and immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis and complement blood biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia: proof of concept.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- BALF metagenomic next-generation sequencing analysis in hematological malignancy patients with suspected pulmonary infection: clinical significance of negative results.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Con: Bronchoscopy is essential for pulmonary infections in patients with haematological malignancies.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is utilized for diagnosing lung infiltrates in immunocompromised. There is heterogeneity in the data and reported diagnostic yields range from 26 to 69%. Therefore, selection criteria for BAL to maximize yield and minimize complications are unclear. Objectives of this study were to determine the diagnostic yield and complication rate of BAL in immunocompromised patients presenting with lung infiltrates, and identify factors impacting these outcomes. Exploratory aims included characterization of pathogens, rate of treatment modification and mortality.
methodsRetrospective study from January 2012 to December 2016. Patients on mechanical ventilation were excluded. Positive diagnostic yield was defined as confirmed microbiological or cytological diagnosis.
resultsA total of 217 patients were recruited (70.1% male and mean age: 51.7 ± 14.6 years). Diagnostic yield was 60.8% and complication rate 14.7%. Complications (hypoxemia and endobronchial bleeding) were all sell-limiting. Treatment modification based on BAL results was 63.3%. In 97.0% an infectious aetiology was identified. HIV infection (OR 5.304, 95% CI 1.611-17.458, p = 0.006) and severe neutropenia (OR 4.253, 95% CI 1.288-14.045, p = 0.018) were associated with positive yield. Leukemia (OR 0.317, 95% CI 0.102-0.982, p = 0.047) was associated with lower yield. No factors impacted complication rate. Overall mortality (90-day) was 17.5% and in those with hematologic malignancy, it was 28.3%.
conclusionBAL retains utility in diagnosis of immunocompromised patients with lung infiltrates. However, patients with hematologic malignancy have a high mortality and alternative sampling should be considered because of poor results with BAL.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01374542 . Registered June 16, 2011.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.