ReviewCritical reviews in immunology2018
How Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Activates Inflammatory Responses.
Review in Critical reviews in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of OxLDL Driven Inflammatory Cell Activation.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Pooled it
- Factors Associated With Systemic Immune Activation Indices in a Global Primary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Effects of a Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Status in the Plasma of a Healthy Population: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Trial
- Effects of a Vegetarian Diet on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Plasma Metabolome in Subjects With Ischemic Heart Disease: A Randomized, Crossover Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Trial
- Dysregulated Cholesterol Metabolism, Chronic Inflammation, and Disability in Severe Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Lipid metabolism, microglia, and stroke.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity-A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- SDF2L1 modulates oxLDL-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein aggregation, and O-mannosylation in myocardial infarction and lung cancer.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sustained monocyte activation by persistent challenges with either oxLDL or free cholesterol and underlying mechanisms.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- The Role of Lipid Alteration in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Relationships Between Circulating Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Lymphocyte Subsets in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Global heart · 2026Article
- Formyl peptide receptor 1 and its antagonist T0080 in atherosclerosis.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular inflammaging: Mechanisms, consequences, and therapeutic perspectives.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Alterations of the Intestinal Barrier and Inflammatory Response, Caused by Chronic Ozone Exposure in a Rat Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Lifestyle Modifications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Foamy macrophages in atherosclerosis: unraveling the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in disease progression.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Calcified Hyaline Degeneration Nodule in the Upper Lip Mucosa: A Rare Case Report.Case reports in dentistry · 2025Article
- Pan-Immune-Inflammatory Value Predicts the Risk of Myocardial Infarction Among Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris and the Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in the United States and worldwide. The most common cause of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis, or formation of fatty plaques in the arteries. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), termed "bad cholesterol", is a large molecule comprised of many proteins as well as lipids including cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides. Circulating levels of LDL are directly associated with atherosclerosis disease severity. Once thought to simply be caused by passive retention of LDL in the vasculature, atherosclerosis studies over the past 40-50 years have uncovered a much more complex mechanism. It has now become well established that within the vasculature, LDL can undergo many different types of oxidative modifications such as esterification and lipid peroxidation. The resulting oxidized LDL (oxLDL) has been found to have antigenic potential and contribute heavily to atherosclerosis associated inflammation, activating both innate and adaptive immunity. This review discusses the many proposed mechanisms by which oxidized LDL modulates inflammatory responses and how this might modulate atherosclerosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.