ReviewClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2019
Brain Tumor Microenvironment and Host State: Implications for Immunotherapy.
Review in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 229 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic Underpinnings of Inflammation: A Key to Unlock the Tumor Microenvironment in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Extra-Neural Metastases From Primary Intracranial Ependymomas: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Systemic Immune Correlates of Long-term Survival after Delta-24-RGD Based on the Therapeutic Adenovirus for Recurrent Glioblastoma Effect Trial (TARGET).Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Magnetically actuated nanoantennas for wireless glioblastoma therapy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Targeting tumour-neuron synapses with intracavitary RNA delivery prevents glioblastoma recurrence.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Decoding lactylation heterogeneity in glioblastoma: machine learning identifies G6PC3 as a prognostic target.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Human neural organoid modeling of diffuse midline glioma captures the complexity of patient tumors.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Monocyte-hitchhiking system for the targeted delivery of paclitaxel-loaded PLGA nanoparticles to glioblastoma in mice.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- When tumors speak: Understanding EEG periodic discharges in primary brain tumors and their clinical relevance.Neuro-oncology practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Redefining the immune microenvironment of gliomas in the era of single-cell genomics.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
- Targeting immunosuppressive network in glioblastoma: Emerging strategies to overcome immunodeficiency and enhance therapeutic efficacy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
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- Crosstalk in the brain tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical advances.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Metformin modulates the phenotypes of tumor-associated macrophages in glioblastoma in a context-dependent manner by promoting the homeostasis of macrophages.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Human eosinophils exert antitumorigenic effects on chordoma.Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2025Article
- Autophagy-dependent secretion of ENO1 mediates chemoresistance of glioblastoma and tumor microenvironment remodeling.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal brain tumor with poor responses to immunotherapies that have been successful in more immunogenic cancers with less immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME). The GBM TME is uniquely challenging to treat due to tumor cell-extrinsic components that are native to the brain, as well as tumor-intrinsic mechanisms that aid in immune evasion. Lowering the barrier of immunosuppression by targeting the genetically stable tumor stroma presents opportunities to treat the tumor in a way that circumvents the complications of targeting a constantly mutating tumor with tumor antigen-directed therapies. Tumor-associated monocytes, macrophages, and microglia are a stromal element of particular interest. Macrophages and monocytes compose the bulk of infiltrating immune cells and are considered to have protumor and immunosuppressive effects. Targeting these cells or other stromal elements is expected to convert what is considered the "cold" TME of GBM to a more "hot" TME phenotype. This conversion could increase the effectiveness of what have become conventional frontline immunotherapies in GBM-creating opportunities for better treatment through combination therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.