ArticleBiomaterials2019
Nanoparticle-mediated intratumoral inhibition of miR-21 for improved survival in glioblastoma.
Article in Biomaterials, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Oncogenic KRAS Using Peptide Nucleic Acid Oligomers Attached to Cell-Penetrating Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Unravelling the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Locoregional Delivery of miRNAs for Glioblastoma Treatment: A Systematic Review of Advances in Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Engineered cargo-free nanoparticle decoys for phagocytic modulation of macrophages.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- TTF2 as a potential biomarker and immunotherapy target in glioma diagnosis and prognosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Advances in peptide nucleic acid for targeting RNA and genomic DNA.Cell reports. Physical science · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-derived miR21 of non-tumoral origin as early diagnostic marker of glioma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Wearable nanopatch platforms for real-time miRNA sensing and editing: a vision for next-generation cancer management.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- MicroRNAs and synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Natural compounds as regulators of miRNAs: exploring a new avenue for treating brain cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics analysis identifies NT5M modulates immune evasion through PD-L1 via CXCL8 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ultrasmall nanoparticles for co-delivery of antisense oligonucleotides targeting miR-21 and miR-210 to treat glioblastoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Cellular determinants influence the red blood cell adsorption efficiency of poly(amine-Science advances · 2025Article
- Sophocarpine inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells through regulating the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- CRISPR targeting of mmu-miR-21a through a single adeno-associated virus vector prolongs survival of glioblastoma-bearing mice.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Integration of MicroRNAs with nanomedicine: tumor targeting and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of antisense peptide nucleic acids.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Micro RNAs as a Diagnostic Marker between Glioma and Primary CNS Lymphoma: A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2023Review
- Multivalent Lactobionic Acid and N-Acetylgalactosamine-Conjugated Peptide Nucleic Acids for Efficient In Vivo Targeting of Hepatocytes.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Unlocking the potential of chemically modified peptide nucleic acids for RNA-based therapeutics.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly form of malignant brain tumor in the United States, and current therapies fail to provide significant improvement in survival. Local delivery of nanoparticles is a promising therapeutic strategy that bypasses the blood-brain barrier, minimizes systemic toxicity, and enhances intracranial drug distribution and retention. Here, we developed nanoparticles loaded with agents that inhibit miR-21, an oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) that is strongly overexpressed in GBM compared to normal brain tissue. We synthesized, engineered, and characterized two different delivery systems. One was designed around an anti-miR-21 composed of RNA and employed a cationic poly(amine-co-ester) (PACE). The other was designed around an anti-miR-21 composed of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) and employed a block copolymer of poly(lactic acid) and hyperbranched polyglycerol (PLA-HPG). We show that both nanoparticle products facilitate efficient intracellular delivery and miR-21 suppression that leads to PTEN upregulation and apoptosis of human GBM cells. Further, when administered by convection-enhanced delivery (CED) to animals with intracranial gliomas, they both induced significant miR-21 knockdown and provided chemosensitization, resulting in improved survival when combined with chemotherapy. The challenges involved in optimizing the two delivery systems differed, and despite offering distinct advantages and limitations, results showed significant therapeutic efficacy with both methods of treatment. This study demonstrates the feasibility and promise of local administration of miR-21 inhibiting nanoparticles as an adjuvant therapy for GBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.