ArticleTransfusion2019
Enteral iron supplementation, red blood cell transfusion, and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very-low-birth-weight infants.
Article in Transfusion, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Iron supplementation and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low gestational age newborns.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- Assessment of iron sufficiency in premature infants treated with darbepoetin using conventional and novel erythrocyte metrics.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Association of red blood cell transfusions with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- SLC25A28 Ameliorates Hyperoxic Lung Injury by Improving Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Alveolar Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Risk of Iron Overload in Preterm Infants: A Prospective Study on Serum Ferritin and Hepcidin.Neonatology · 2026Article
- Three studies needed to inform the design of the U-BET (umbilical cord blood for extremely low-gestational-age transfusions) clinical trial.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Red blood cell transfusion frequency and the risk and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Fetal haemoglobin and oxygen requirement in preterm infants: an observational study.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2025Observational
- Development and validation of a nomogram to predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm, very low birth weight infants.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- A Comparison of the 2022 Versus 2011 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Web-Based Risk Estimator for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2024Article
- Hyperferritinemia among very-low-birthweight infants in Thailand: a prospective cohort study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a novel risk classification tool for predicting long length of stay in NICU blood transfusion infants.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Transfusion strategies for neonates: current perspectives.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Impact of Same Red Blood Cell Infusion at Different Intervals on Premature Infants' Hemoglobin Levels.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Bioinformatics analyses and experimental validation of ferroptosis-related genes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia pathogenesis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Blood Donor Sex and Outcomes in Transfused Infants.Clinics in perinatology · 2023Review
- A predictive model for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia based on ferroptosis-related lncRNAs.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Development and Validation of a Risk Scoring Tool for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular mechanisms of cell death in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEnteral iron supplementation and RBC transfusions are routinely administered to very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants, although the potential risks of these exposures have not been adequately quantified. This study evaluated the association between the cumulative dose of enteral iron supplementation, total volume of RBCs transfused, and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in VLBW infants. STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsRetrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in Atlanta, Georgia. Cumulative supplemental enteral iron exposure and total volume of RBCs transfused were measured until the age at assessment of BPD. Multivariable generalized linear models were used to control for confounding, and the reliability of the factors was assessed in 1000 bootstrap models.
resultsA total of 598 VLBW infants were studied. In multivariable analyses, a greater cumulative dose of supplemental enteral iron exposure was associated with an increased risk of BPD (adjusted relative risk per 50-mg increase, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.11; p = 0.002). Similarly, a greater volume of RBCs transfused was associated with a higher risk of BPD (adjusted relative risk per 20-mL increase, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07; p < 0.001). Both factors were reliably associated with BPD (>50%). Volume of RBCs transfused was similar to gestational age in reliability as a risk factor for BPD (present in 100% of models) and was more reliable than mechanical ventilation at 1 week of age.
conclusionThe cumulative dose of supplemental enteral iron exposure and total volume of RBC transfusion are both independently associated with an increased risk of BPD in VLBW infants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.