Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30796437›Full record

SynthesisAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2019

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

N Keum, D H Lee, D C Greenwood, J E Manson, E Giovannucci

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 201 papers, 26 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
201citing papers in PubMed, 26 pooled it
29.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

201 citing papers in PubMed, 26 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 352 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Efficacy of vitamin DAgeing research reviews · 2023
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  17. Vitamin D supplementation for chronic liver diseases in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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  18. Vitamin D Deficiency in Testicular Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
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141 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

N KeumDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, South Korea. Electronic address: nak212@mail.harvard.edu.
D H LeeDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
D C GreenwoodDivision of Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
J E MansonDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
E GiovannucciDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA. Electronic address: egiovann@hsph.harvard.edu.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USDongguk University · KRHarvard University · USUniversity of Leeds · GB

Funding

The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL)R01CA138962 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BURING, JULIE E., MANSON, JOANN ELISABETH · 2015 to 2019
$20.9M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA138962
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality found inconsistent results, and most included trials administered generally low doses of vitamin D (≤1100 IU/day). We updated the meta-analysis by incorporating recent RCTs that have tested higher doses of vitamin D supplements. MATERIALS AND

methodsPubMed and Embase were searched from the inception to November 2018. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model.

resultsFor total cancer incidence, 10 trials were included [6537 cases; 3-10 years of follow-up; 54-135 nmol/l of attained levels of circulating 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D] in the intervention group]. The summary RR was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.93-1.03; P = 0.42; I2 = 0%). The results remained null across subgroups tested, including even when attained 25(OH)D levels exceeded 100 nmol/l (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.83-1.09; P = 0.48; I2 = 26%). For total cancer mortality, five trials were included [1591 deaths; 3-10 years of follow-up; 54-135 nmol/l of attained levels of circulating 25(OH)D in the intervention group]. The summary RR was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79-0.96; P = 0.005; I2 = 0%), which was largely attributable to interventions with daily dosing (as opposed to infrequent bolus dosing). No statistically significant heterogeneity was observed by attained levels of circulating 25(OH)D (Pheterogeneity = 0.83), with RR being 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78-0.98; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%) for ≤100 nmol/l and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.70-1.03; P = 0.11; I2 = 0%) for >100 nmol/l.

conclusionsIn an updated meta-analysis of RCTs, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced total cancer mortality but did not reduce total cancer incidence.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsHumansIncidenceNeoplasmsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicUnited StatesVitamin DVitaminsVitamin DVitaminscancer incidencecancer mortalitycirculating 25(OH)Dmeta-analysisrandomized controlled trialvitamin D supplements

Identifiers

PMID30796437
PMCPMC6821324
OpenAlexW2916365527

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.