ArticleOncogene2019
Estradiol induces BDNF/TrkB signaling in triple-negative breast cancer to promote brain metastases.
Article in Oncogene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular and Clinicopathological Biomarkers Predicting Brain Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Brain metastases: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on current management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2022Guideline
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in solid tumor angiogenesis and neurovascular-immune interactions (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Advances in the role of astrocytes in glioma progression and therapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Targeting Wild-type NTRK in NTRK Fusion-Negative Lung Cancer Decreases Brain Metastases.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Macrophage-secreted brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes tumor growth in triple-negative breast cancer by inducing axonogenesis.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Brain FGF2 and NCAM1 contribute to FGFR1-dependent progression of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer brain metastases.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Exogenous lactate infusion enhanced VMH neuroplasticity and visceral fat reduction via PGC-1α-ERα pathway in female rats.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Astrocyte-driven immunosuppression in the brain tumor microenvironment.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- The influence of neuro-tumor interactions on tumorigenesis and therapeutic response.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Breast cancer brain metastasis: mechanisms, emerging biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.American journal of cancer research · 2026Review
- Prognostic impact of endocrine therapy and BDNF-TrkB axis in breast cancer brain metastases.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Total flavonoids of litchi seed inhibit breast cancer metastasis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPKs signaling pathways.Pharmaceutical biology · 2025Article
- Decoding the mechanisms underlying breast cancer brain metastasis: paving the way for precision therapeutics.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Tumor Innervation: From Bystander to Emerging Therapeutic Target for Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Autophagy-Related Proteins in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: From Molecular Insights to Therapeutic Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Metabolic adaptations of brain metastasis.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- The Placental Steroid Hypothesis of Human Brain Evolution.Evolutionary anthropology · 2025Review
- Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Disrupts Tumor Antigen Presentation in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer brain metastases (BM) affect younger women disproportionally, including those lacking estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, and HER2 (known as triple-negative breast cancer; TNBC). Previous studies in preclinical models showed that pre-menopausal levels of estradiol (E2) promote TNBC-BM through incompletely understood mechanisms involving reactive astrocytes. Herein, a novel mechanism involving E2-dependent upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in astrocytes, and subsequent activation of tumor cell tropomyosin kinase receptor B (TrkB), is identified. E2 increased experimental BM of TNBC 4T1BR5 and E0771 cells by 21 and 3.6 fold, respectively, compared to E2-depleted mice. ERα
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.