ArticlePloS one2019
The analysis of causal relationships between blood lipid levels and BMD.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Additional role of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on the risk of osteoporosis in men with or without coronary heart disease: a real-world longitudinal study.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2025Article
- Association between life's essential 8 and bone mineral density among adults aged 20-59 years.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identification of Transcripts with Shared Roles in the Pathogenesis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- TC and LDL-C are negatively correlated with bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Associations between apolipoprotein B and bone mineral density: a population-based study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- High Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels are Associated with Osteoporosis Among Adults 20-59 Years of Age.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Multi-Omic Approaches to Identify Genetic Factors in Metabolic Syndrome.Comprehensive Physiology · 2021Article
- Big Data to Knowledge: Application of Machine Learning to Predictive Modeling of Therapeutic Response in Cancer.Current genomics · 2021Review
- Helicobacter pylori Related Diseases and Osteoporotic Fractures (Narrative Review).Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Use of Mendelian Randomization to Examine Causal Inference in Osteoporosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) and lipid levels are two of the most extensively studied risk factors for common diseases of aging, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis (OP). These two risk factors are also correlated with each other, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind this correlation. Recent studies revealed that circulating levels of several metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of androsterone correlate significantly with BMD and have the capacity to affect cholesterol and lipids levels. A main aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that androsterone-related metabolites could provide a link between CVD and OP, as a common cause of lipid levels and BMD. The present study employed data from the NIHR BRC TwinsUK BioResource, comprising 1909 and 1994 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, respectively, to address the causal relationships among BMD and lipids, and their associated metabolites, using reciprocal causation twin modelling, as well as Mendelian randomization (MR) using large publicly-available GWAS datasets on lipids and BMD, in conjunction with TwinsUK metabolite data. While results involving the twin modelling and MR analyses with metabolites were unable to establish a causal link between metabolite levels and either lipids or BMD, MR analyses of BMD and lipids suggest that lipid levels have a causal impact on BMD, which is consistent with findings from clinical trials of lipid-lowering drugs, which have also increased BMD.
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