ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Cell-Free Mitochondrial DNA in the CSF: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA and inflammation factors in noninfectious diseases: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- cGAS-STING Pathway Mediates Retinal Pigmental Epithelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Impairment of mitochondrial quality control exacerbates diabetes-related atrial fibrillation by cGAS-STING signaling pathway and cardiomyocyte-macrophage crosstalk.Theranostics · 2026Article
- CSF Mitochondrial DNA: Biomarker of Body Composition and Energy Metabolism in Parkinson's Disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Unlocking extracellular mitochondria from bench to clinical application in stroke.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Review
- Decreased Mitochondrial DNA Integrity and Elevated Inflammatory Markers in Late-Life Depression: A Longitudinal Study.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Amyloid and Tau as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in anti-N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Exploring the neuroprotective role of artesunate in mouse models of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: insights from molecular mechanisms and transmission electron microscopy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Rational combination platform trial design for children and young adults with diffuse midline glioma: A report from PNOC.Neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Paraneoplastic NMDA encephalitis, a case report and an extensive review of available literature.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- CSF Mitochondrial N-Formyl Methionine Peptide as Complementary Diagnostic Tool in Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis and Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Article
- Involvement of Mitochondria in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Healthy mitochondrial DNA in balanced mitochondrial dynamics: A potential marker for neuro‑aging prediction (Review).Biomedical reports · 2023Review
- [Recent research on cytokines associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Review
- Mitochondria as a therapeutic: a potential new frontier in driving the shift from tissue repair to regeneration.Regenerative biomaterials · 2023Review
- Serial H3K27M cell-free tumor DNA (cf-tDNA) tracking predicts ONC201 treatment response and progression in diffuse midline glioma.Neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- Aging: All roads lead to mitochondria.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2021Article
- Review
- Initial cerebrospinal fluid-restricted oligoclonal bands associate with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis severity: a pilot study.Encephalitis (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune inflammatory brain disease that can develop a variety of neuropsychiatric presentations. However, the underlying nature of its inflammatory neuronal injury remains unclear. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is recently regarded as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) that can initiate an inflammatory response. In the presenting study, we aimed to evaluate the levels of cell-free mtDNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and to determine a potential role of cell-free mtDNA in the prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. A total of 33 patients with NMDAR encephalitis and 17 patients with other non-inflammatory disorders as controls were included in this study. The CSF levels of cell-free mtDNA were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) score was evaluated for neurologic disabilities. Our data showed that the CSF levels of cell-free mtDNA and inflammation-associated cytokines were significantly higher in the patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis compared with those in controls. Positive correlations were detected between the CSF levels of cell-free mtDNA and mRS scores of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at both their admission and 6-month follow up. These findings suggest that the CSF level of cell-free mtDNA reflects the underlying neuroinflammatory process in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and correlates with their clinical mRS scores. Therefore, cell-free mtDNA may be a potential prognostic biomarker for anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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