ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2019
Hachimoji DNA and RNA: A genetic system with eight building blocks.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
182 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cell-Free Approach for Non-canonical Amino Acids Incorporation Into Polypeptides.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- The MODNAP benchmark set for modeling ribose-based modified nucleic acid and nucleic acid-protein complexes: a case study with AlphaFold 3.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Supramolecular self-assembly by layering orthogonality to program identity, connectivity and conformation.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2026Review
- Derivatives of dPMTO, dMTMO, and dTPT3 as efficient genetic alphabets for artificial DNA.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- Structural basis of transcription of the hachimoji eight-letter alphabet by E. coli RNA polymerase.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Quantifying replication fidelity of unnatural base pairs using nanopore sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hydrophobic unnatural base pair promotes trigger loop closure and catalysis in cellular RNA polymerase independent of hydrogen bonding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- From Blueprint to Breakthrough: How Far Can We Fold DNA Origami for Nano-Enabled Technologies?JACS Au · 2026Review
- Laser-Induced and Spontaneous Conformational Transformations in Monomers of Isoguanine Isolated in Low-Temperature Ar and Ne Matrices.Precision chemistry · 2026Article
- Substrate Specificity of B12-Depedent Ribonucleotide Reductases: Biotechnology and Metabolic Implications.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Recognition of non-standard base pairs by triplex-forming oligonucleotides containing an expanded genetic alphabet.Nature communications · 2026Article
- MDNA : a software module for DNA structure generation and analysis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- ZAT-DNA enables DNA data storage with molecular-layer non-replicability.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comparative investigation of uridine and Hachimoji RNA base interaction with single-walled carbon nanotube.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- High-Affinity Six-Letter DNA XenoAptamer Generation by Genetic Alphabet Expansion.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Recognition of Non-standard Base Pairs by Triplex-Forming Oligonucleotides Containing an Expanded Genetic Alphabet.Research square · 2026Article
- Advances and challenges in non-canonical nucleic acids data storage.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Omega Nucleic Acids (ΩNA), Ultimate Nucleic Acids for Future Technology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Synthetic Biology of Plants and Microbes for Agriculture, Environment, and Future Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Rethinking governance of synthetic cells.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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16 authors.
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Abstract
We report DNA- and RNA-like systems built from eight nucleotide "letters" (hence the name "hachimoji") that form four orthogonal pairs. These synthetic systems meet the structural requirements needed to support Darwinian evolution, including a polyelectrolyte backbone, predictable thermodynamic stability, and stereoregular building blocks that fit a Schrödinger aperiodic crystal. Measured thermodynamic parameters predict the stability of hachimoji duplexes, allowing hachimoji DNA to increase the information density of natural terran DNA. Three crystal structures show that the synthetic building blocks do not perturb the aperiodic crystal seen in the DNA double helix. Hachimoji DNA was then transcribed to give hachimoji RNA in the form of a functioning fluorescent hachimoji aptamer. These results expand the scope of molecular structures that might support life, including life throughout the cosmos.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.