ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium-Role in Dead Cell Clearance and Inflammation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunosuppression in stem cell clinical trials of neural and retinal cell types: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Monitoring Gene Expression in Retina with synthetic serum markers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol-Loaded Retinal Organoid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Protect Oxidatively Stressed ARPE-19 Cells.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Autophagy serves as a protective effect against inflammatory injury of oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cell.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Review
- Granzyme B degrades extracellular matrix and promotes inflammation and choroidal neovascularization.Angiogenesis · 2024Article
- Crosstalk Between Microglia and Müller Glia in the Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role and Therapeutic Value of Neuroinflammation.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Changes in PEDF, MMP-2, and TGF-β2 levels in the aqueous humor of cataract patients and their correlation with disease severity.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Antioxidative Role of Heterophagy, Autophagy, and Mitophagy in the Retina and Their Association with the Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Etiopathogenesis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Biomacromolecular Profile in Human Primary Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells-A Study of Oxidative Stress and Autophagy by Synchrotron-Based FTIR Microspectroscopy.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Protrusion of KCNJ13 Gene Knockout Retinal Pigment Epithelium Due to Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- The interplay of autophagy and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and therapy of retinal degenerative diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2022Review
- Potential role of extracellular granzyme B in wet age-related macular degeneration and fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- A phase I clinical trial of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells for early-stage Stargardt macular degeneration: 5-years' follow-up.Cell proliferation · 2021Article
- The Role of Autophagy in Eye Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- A Safe GDNF and GDNF/BDNF Controlled Delivery System Improves Migration in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Survival in Retinal Ganglion Cells: Potential Usefulness in Degenerative Retinal Pathologies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and their impact on age-related macular degeneration.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2020Review
- Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Regulatory Mechanism of Oxidative Stress.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Inefficient removal of dying retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells by professional phagocytes can result in debris formation and development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Chronic oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in AMD pathogenesis. Only a few well-established in vitro phagocytosis assay models exist. We propose human embryonic stem cell-derived-RPE cells as a new model for studying RPE cell removal by professional phagocytes. The characteristics of human embryonic stem cells-derived RPE (hESC-RPE) are similar to native RPEs based on their gene and protein expression profile, integrity, and barrier properties or regarding drug transport. However, no data exist about RPE death modalities and how efficiently dying hESC-RPEs are taken upby macrophages, and whether this process triggers an inflammatory responses. This study demonstrates hESC-RPEs can be induced to undergo anoikis or autophagy-associated cell death due to extracellular matrix detachment or serum deprivation and hydrogen-peroxide co-treatment, respectively, similar to primary human RPEs. Dying hESC-RPEs are efficiently engulfed by macrophages which results in high amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 cytokine release. These findings suggest that the clearance of anoikic and autophagy-associated dying hESC-RPEs can be used as a new model for investigating AMD pathogenesis or for testing the in vivo potential of these cells in stem cell therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.