ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Vitamin K: Double Bonds beyond Coagulation Insights into Differences between Vitamin K1 and K2 in Health and Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 249 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Differential Effects of Vitamin K Across Glycaemic Outcomes in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Exploring the Link Between Vitamin K and Depression: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin K status, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a participant-level meta-analysis of 3 US cohorts.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Pooled it
- Six months vitamin K treatment does not affect systemic arterial calcification or bone mineral density in diabetes mellitus 2.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Translational Pharmaceutical Perspectives on Quinones as Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Agents in Diabetes and Its Complications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Conserved vulnerability of SoxR underlies zinc-mediated redox disruption and synergistic killing inmBio · 2026Article
- Lower Micronutrient Intake in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and inter-organ fibrosis crosstalk of Gla proteins in cardiovascular disease.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Height Growth Patterns Among Children Receiving Menaquinone-7 Supplementation.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Vitamin K Biochemistry and Pharmacokinetics: The Basis of Late Vitamin K Deficiency Intracranial Bleeding in Early Infancy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Vitamin K2 Supplementation Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity-A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Vitamin K as an Endocrine Modulator: Mechanistic Links to Glucose Metabolism and Beyond.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Nutrients and bioactive compounds in polycystic ovary syndrome: updated insights into effects and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Associations between fat-soluble vitamin status, growth, and development in Chinese children aged 3-14 years: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Review
- Integrative oral and gut microbiome profiling highlights microbial correlates of complications in type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Vitamins in the Treatment of Periodontitis: Molecular Mechanism and Network Pharmacological Analysis.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2025Review
- Validation of a food frequency questionnaire for estimating vitamin K intake in the overweight adult Mexican population.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Association Between Dietary Vitamin K Intake With Cancer Cachexia and Mortality: NHANES 1999-2018.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Reengineering Endogenous Targeting Lipid Nanoparticles (ENDO) for Systemic Delivery of mRNA to Pancreas.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vitamin K is an essential bioactive compound required for optimal body function. Vitamin K can be present in various isoforms, distinguishable by two main structures, namely, phylloquinone (K1) and menaquinones (K2). The difference in structure between K1 and K2 is seen in different absorption rates, tissue distribution, and bioavailability. Although differing in structure, both act as cofactor for the enzyme gamma-glutamylcarboxylase, encompassing both hepatic and extrahepatic activity. Only carboxylated proteins are active and promote a health profile like hemostasis. Furthermore, vitamin K2 in the form of MK-7 has been shown to be a bioactive compound in regulating osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, cancer and inflammatory diseases without risk of negative side effects or overdosing. This review is the first to highlight differences between isoforms vitamin K1 and K2 by means of source, function, and extrahepatic activity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.