ArticleBrain and behavior2019
Success and failure of controlling the real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback signal are reflected in the striatum.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Feasibility Study of fMRI-neurofeedback in Parkinson's Disease
MOTOR-NF - a Randomized Controlled Trial of FMRI-based Neurofeedback for Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Music in the loop: a systematic review of current neurofeedback methodologies using music.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Whole-brain mechanism of neurofeedback therapy: predictive modeling of neurofeedback outcomes on repetitive negative thinking in depression.Translational psychiatry · 2024Trial
- EEG Neurofeedback for Major Depressive Disorder: A Scoping Review.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Review
- Article
- Clinical response to neurofeedback in major depression relates to subtypes of whole-brain activation patterns during training.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of brain self-regulation: psychological factors, mechanistic models and neural substrates.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Amygdala self-neuromodulation capacity as a window for process-related network recruitment.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback training targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex induces changes in cortico-striatal functional connectivity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Paving the Way for Memory Enhancement: Development and Examination of a Neurofeedback System Targeting the Medial Temporal Lobe.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Neurofeedback-dependent influence of the ventral striatum using a working memory paradigm targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Self-regulation learning as active inference: dynamic causal modeling of an fMRI neurofeedback task.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Sharpening Working Memory With Real-Time Electrophysiological Brain Signals: Which Neurofeedback Paradigms Work?Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- The DecNef collection, fMRI data from closed-loop decoded neurofeedback experiments.Scientific data · 2021Article
- Brain Networks Underlying Strategy Execution and Feedback Processing in an Efficient Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurofeedback Training Performed in a Parallel or a Serial Paradigm.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
- Directly Exploring the Neural Correlates of Feedback-Related Reward Saliency and Valence During Real-Time fMRI-Based Neurofeedback.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
- Modulating the interhemispheric activity balance in the intraparietal sulcus using real-time fMRI neurofeedback: Development and proof-of-concept.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Success and failure of controlling the real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback signal are reflected in the striatum.Brain and behavior · 2019Article
- Mental Imagery and Brain Regulation-New Links Between Psychotherapy and Neuroscience.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOver the last decades, neurofeedback has been applied in variety of research contexts and therapeutic interventions. Despite this extensive use, its neural mechanisms are still under debate. Several scientific advances have suggested that different networks become jointly active during neurofeedback, including regions generally involved in self-regulation, regions related to the specific mental task driving the neurofeedback and regions generally involved in feedback learning (Sitaram et al., 2017, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18, 86).
methodsTo investigate the neural mechanisms specific to neurofeedback but independent from general effects of self-regulation, we compared brain activation as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) across different mental tasks involving gradual self-regulation with and without providing neurofeedback. Ten participants freely chose one self-regulation task and underwent two training sessions during fMRI scanning, one with and one without receiving neurofeedback. During neurofeedback sessions, feedback signals were provided in real-time based on activity in task-related, individually defined target regions. In both sessions, participants aimed at reaching and holding low, medium, or high brain-activation levels in the target region.
resultsDuring gradual self-regulation with neurofeedback, a network of cortical control regions as well as regions implicated in reward and feedback processing were activated. Self-regulation with feedback was accompanied by stronger activation within the striatum across different mental tasks. Additional time-resolved single-trial analysis revealed that neurofeedback performance was positively correlated with a delayed brain response in the striatum that reflected the accuracy of self-regulation.
conclusionOverall, these findings support that neurofeedback contributes to self-regulation through task-general regions involved in feedback and reward processing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.