ReviewClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico2019
Multiple sclerosis outcomes after cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical characteristics, management and outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced central nervous system demyelinating disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Do immune checkpoint inhibitors affect the course of multiple sclerosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and uncontrolled trials reporting on the use of checkpoint blockers in patients with cancer and pre-existing autoimmune disease.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2024Pooled it
- Immune-related aseptic meningitis and strategies to manage immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with melanoma and pre-existing autoimmune conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Immuno-oncology technology · 2026Review
- Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Scoping Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Combining Pembrolizumab and Ofatumumab in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report.Surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Neurological immune-related adverse events with checkpoint inhibitor therapy: challenges for the neurologist.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibition perturbs neuro-immune homeostasis and impairs cognitive function.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Patients With Preexisting Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Prevalence of symptomatic toxicities for novel therapies in adult oncology trials: a scoping review.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Patient with Atezolizumab-induced Encephalitis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Effects of Anti-CD20 Antibody Therapy on Immune Cell Dynamics in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Cells · 2025Article
- Inflammatory disease in people with multiple sclerosis treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Heightened Epstein-Barr virus immunity and potential cross-reactivities in multiple sclerosis.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Neurological Adverse Events Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Practical Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on the Course of Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Cancer and mortality risks among people with multiple sclerosis: A population-based study in Isfahan, Iran.PloS one · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Pre-existing Neurologic Autoimmune Disorders.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- Frequency of demyelinating disease activity following immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer immunotherapy.Journal of neurology · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionNeurological immune-related adverse events are a rare but potentially deadly complication after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. As multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease, it is unknown how ICI treatment may affect outcomes.
methodsWe analyzed the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database for pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, avelumab, and durvalumab 2 years prior their FDA approval until December 31, 2017, to include all cases with confirmed diagnosis/relapse of MS. We also included cases reported in the literature and a patient from our institution.
resultsWe identified 14 cases of MS with median age of presentation of 52 years. Indications for ICI included melanoma in 7 (36.36%) cases, non-small cell lung carcinoma in 2 (18.18%) cases, 1 case (9.09%) each of pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, and unreported in 2 (18.18%) cases. History of MS was confirmed in 8 (57.1%) cases. Median time to beginning of symptoms was 29 days with rapid disease progression; two patients died due to their relapse. Median time for symptom resolution was 8 weeks. Outcomes did not vary by comparing CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
conclusionsReported MS relapses after ICI are rare, but the adverse events described include rapid neurologic progression and death. Larger and prospective studies are warranted to assess disability and long-term outcomes and outweigh the risks of starting immunotherapy in patients with MS.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.