ArticleBehavior research methods2019
spreadr: An R package to simulate spreading activation in a network.
Article in Behavior research methods, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive mechanism of creative thinking: Integrating the semantic network and spreading activation model.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
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- How retrieval processes change with age: Exploring age differences in semantic network and retrieval dynamics.Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale · 2025Article
- Lexical retrieval in fluent and nonfluent aphasia: a network analysis of verbal fluency data.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Dynamic Bayesian Learning for Spatiotemporal Mechanistic Models.Journal of machine learning research : JMLR · 2025Article
- Cognitive modelling of concepts in the mental lexicon with multilayer networks: Insights, advancements, and future challenges.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2024Review
- Sparking creativity: Encouraging creative idea generation through automatically generated word recommendations.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Using network science to examine audio-visual speech perception with a multi-layer graph.PloS one · 2024Article
- Accumulating evidence for myriad alternatives: Modeling the generation of free association.Psychological review · 2023Article
- Neural evidence of switch processes during semantic and phonetic foraging in human memory.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The Resilience of the Phonological Network May Have Implications for Developmental and Acquired Disorders.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Semantic Memory and Creativity: The Costs and Benefits of Semantic Memory Structure in Generating Original Ideas.Thinking & reasoning · 2023Article
- What Can Network Science Tell Us About Phonology and Language Processing?Topics in cognitive science · 2022Article
- What Do Cognitive Networks Do? Simulations of Spoken Word Recognition Using the Cognitive Network Science Approach.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Unveiling the nature of interaction between semantics and phonology in lexical access based on multilayer networks.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Phonological but not semantic influences on the speech-to-song illusion.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2021Article
- Feature distinctiveness effects in language acquisition and lexical processing: Insights from megastudies.Cognitive processing · 2020Article
- Evidence for preferential attachment: Words that are more well connected in semantic networks are better at acquiring new links in paired-associate learning.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2020Article
- Contributions of modern network science to the cognitive sciences: revisiting research spirals of representation and process.Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2020Review
- Using Complex Networks in the Hearing Sciences.Ear and hearingReview
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Abstract
The notion of spreading activation is a central theme in the cognitive sciences; however, the tools for implementing spreading activation computationally are not as readily available. This article introduces the spreadr R package, which can implement spreading activation within a specified network structure. The algorithmic method implemented in the spreadr subroutines follows the approach described in Vitevitch, Ercal, and Adagarla (Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 369, 2011), who viewed activation as a fixed cognitive resource that could "spread" among connected nodes in a network. Three sets of simulations were conducted using the package. The first set of simulations successfully reproduced the results reported in Vitevitch et al. (Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 369, 2011), who showed that a simple mechanism of spreading activation could account for the clustering coefficient effect in spoken word recognition. The second set of simulations showed that the same mechanism could be extended to account for higher false alarm rates for low clustering coefficient words in a false memory task. The final set of simulations demonstrated how spreading activation could be applied to a semantic network to account for semantic priming effects. It is hoped that this package will encourage cognitive and language scientists to explicitly consider how the structures of cognitive systems such as the mental lexicon and semantic memory interact with the process of spreading activation.
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