Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30786882›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2019

Developing a culturally appropriate illustrated tool for the self-collection of anorectal specimens for the testing of sexually transmitted infections: lessons from Papua New Guinea.

Angela Kelly-Hanku, Stephen Bell, Sophie Ase, Ruthy Boli-Neo, Andrew J Vallely, Steven G Badman, Claire E Nightingale, Johanna Wapling

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 43% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Angela Kelly-HankuSexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea. a.kelly@unsw.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0152-2954
Stephen BellThe Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Sophie AseSexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea.
Ruthy Boli-NeoSexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea.
Andrew J VallelySexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea.
Steven G BadmanThe Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Claire E NightingaleThe Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Johanna WaplingThe Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
UNSW Sydney · AUPapua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research · PGSt Vincent's Clinic · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPapua New Guinea (PNG) has a high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). There is increasing evidence that anorectal STIs are important in terms of the dual epidemics of HIV and STIs in this setting. At the time of this study, anorectal STI testing was not possible, and there was no mechanism for self-collection of anorectal specimen among at risk 'key populations'. This paper documents the development of a culturally appropriate tool that has been used to facilitate self-collection of anorectal specimens with key populations in PNG.

methodsThis qualitative study involved four focus groups conducted with a purposive sample of 35 participants, including female sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender women in Port Moresby and Goroka in 2015. During focus groups, participants reviewed and provided critical feedback for the adaption of a previously piloted and published pictorial anorectal specimen collection tool for use with key populations in PNG.

resultsThe final instruction tools are presented in English language and Tok Pisin. To develop these, participants feedback resulted in six key areas of the existing instruction document being modified to ensure it was appropriate for use in PNG. These included translating complex words for sexual health issues (i.e. 'STIs', 'anorectal STIs', 'anus', 'anal sex'), biomedical instruments (i.e. 'specimen bottle', 'specimen packet' and 'swab'), and aspects of the clinical procedure (i.e. inserting the swab 3-4 cm into the anus to collect a specimen). The visual identity of the graphics was redesigned to localise the images for use in PNG.

conclusionsThis paper describes the development of a culturally and linguistically appropriate tool for a biomedical and clinical intervention with key populations in PNG based around self-collection of anorectal specimens for molecular STI testing. The final tools have been used to facilitate the self-collection of anorectal specimens following a clear clinical protocol during a large bio-behavioural survey in PNG.

Indexed as

Cultural CompetencyAdultFemaleHIV InfectionsHomosexuality, MaleHumansMalePapua New GuineaPrevalenceQualitative ResearchRisk FactorsSelf CareSexual and Gender MinoritiesSexual BehaviorSexually Transmitted DiseasesSex WorkersAnorectal STIsCulturally appropriateKey populationsPapua New GuineaSelf-collectionSTI testing

Identifiers

PMID30786882
PMCPMC6383287
OpenAlexW2942292505

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.