ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2019
Optimization of Lipid Nanoparticles for Intramuscular Administration of mRNA Vaccines.
Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 481 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
481 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Actively Targeted Nanoparticles for Enhanced Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccination of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Codon-dependent translation of N1-ethylpseudouridine-modified mRNA reduces innate immunity while preserving vaccine immunogenicity.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- In vivo engineering of CAR natural killer cells for immunotherapy using ligand-directed lipid nanoparticles.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and determinants of mRNALipid Nanoparticle biodistribution: From pharmacokinetics to clinical translation.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of clinically approved lipid nanoparticles for intranasal siRNA delivery against SARS-CoV-2.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Beyond correlation and causation: epistemic caution, anomalous findings, and COVID-19 vaccine safety.Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM · 2026Review
- Engineering mRNA-LNP Medicines for the Ageing Brain: Opportunities and Challenges for Neurodegenerative Diseases.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of lipid nanoparticle adjuvants with different PEG lipid ratios and phospholipid modifications in non-human primates.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Beyond the genetic code: orchestrating epigenetic and immune landscapes with multivalent mRNA-exosome vaccines.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Navigating Lipid Nanostructure Design Space Through Continuous Microfluidic Automation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- RNA delivery to the corneal endothelium using charge-altering releasable transporters.Science advances · 2026Article
- RNA Size and Structure Modulate the Apparent pKa of Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Non-invasive nanoparticle barcoding in nonhuman primates.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle delivery of antisense gapmers attenuates pathology in a mouse model of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Pulmonary Delivery of Self-Amplifying RNA: Balancing Inflammation and Durable Transgene Expression.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Cancer Immunotherapy: Therapeutic Limitations and Next-Generation Precision Strategies.Immune network · 2026Review
- Defining Composition-Cytokine Relationships Enables the Design of Lipid Nanoparticles with Programmed Immunogenicity.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Nanocarrier Platforms for RNA Vaccines: Advances in Formulation, Stability Engineering, and Translational Manufacturing Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- From Morphology to Mechanism: Cryo-Electron Microscopy Insights into Lipid Nanoparticles for RNA Delivery.ACS nano · 2026Review
421 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have the potential to tackle many unmet medical needs that are unable to be addressed with conventional vaccine technologies. A potent and well-tolerated delivery technology is integral to fully realizing the potential of mRNA vaccines. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that mRNA delivered intramuscularly (IM) with first-generation lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) generates robust immune responses. Despite progress made over the past several years, there remains significant opportunity for improvement, as the most advanced LNPs were designed for intravenous (IV) delivery of siRNA to the liver. Here, we screened a panel of proprietary biodegradable ionizable lipids for both expression and immunogenicity in a rodent model when administered IM. A subset of compounds was selected and further evaluated for tolerability, immunogenicity, and expression in rodents and non-human primates (NHPs). A lead formulation was identified that yielded a robust immune response with improved tolerability. More importantly for vaccines, increased innate immune stimulation driven by LNPs does not equate to increased immunogenicity, illustrating that mRNA vaccine tolerability can be improved without affecting potency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.