ArticleVaccine2019
Gene gun DNA immunization of cattle induces humoral and CD4 T-cell-mediated immune responses against the Theileria parva polymorphic immunodominant molecule.
Article in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Theileria parva genetics, prevalence and vaccination practices in Zimbabwe and the African region and the prospects for vaccine development: a systematic review.Veterinary research communications · 2025Pooled it
- mRNA vaccine design using the proteome ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Current vaccines, experimental immunization trials, and new perspectives to control selected vector borne blood parasites of veterinary importance.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Development of a dual vaccine against East Coast fever and lumpy skin disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Piroplasmida Babesia, Cytauxzoon, and Theileria in farm and companion animals: species compilation, molecular phylogeny, and evolutionary insights.Parasitology research · 2022Review
- Characterization of a Novel ChimericVaccines · 2022Article
- Isolation of infectious Theileria parva sporozoites secreted by infected Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks into an in vitro tick feeding system.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Flow Cytometric Analysis of the Cytotoxic T-Cell Recall Response toVeterinary sciences · 2021Article
- Development of a Potential Yeast-Based Vaccine Platform forFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Clinical Pathology, Immunopathology and Advanced Vaccine Technology in Bovine Theileriosis: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Changes in the Molecular and Functional Phenotype of Bovine Monocytes duringInfection and immunity · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Theileria parva kills over one million cattle annually in sub-Saharan Africa. Parasite genetic complexity, cellular response immunodominance, and bovine MHC diversity have precluded traditional vaccine development. One potential solution is gene gun (GG) immunization, which enables simultaneous administration of one or more DNA-encoded antigens. Although promising in murine, porcine, and human vaccination trials, bovine GG immunization studies are limited. We utilized the model T. parva antigen, polymorphic immunodominant molecule (PIM) to test bovine GG immunization. GG immunization using a mammalian codon optimized PIM sequence elicited significant anti-PIM antibody and cell-mediated responses in 7/8 steers, but there was no difference between immunized and control animals following T. parva challenge. The results suggest immunization with PIM, as delivered here, is insufficient to protect cattle from T. parva. Nonetheless, the robust immune responses elicited against this model antigen suggest GG immunization is a promising vaccine platform for T. parva and other bovine pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.