Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30781904›Full record

ReviewViruses2019

Immune Exhaustion: Past Lessons and New Insights from Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.

Shannon M Kahan, Allan J Zajac

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. A replicating LCMV-based vaccine for the treatment of solid tumors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Lentiviral-Vector-Based Dendritic Cell Vaccine Synergizes with Checkpoint Blockade to Clear Chronic Viral Infection.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2020
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Shannon M KahanDepartment of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. skahan@uab.edu.
Allan J ZajacDepartment of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. azajac@uab.edu.

Funding

IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES AND BASIC IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007051 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Laurie Ellen Harrington · 1985 to 2026
$13.1M
Virus-induced Cell Fate Decisions in Anti-Viral ImmunityU19AI109962 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI LUND, FRANCES E. · 2014 to 2018
$11.6M
NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007051NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI109962
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a paradigm-forming experimental system with a remarkable track record of contributing to the discovery of many of the fundamental concepts of modern immunology. The ability of LCMV to establish a chronic infection in immunocompetent adult mice was instrumental for identifying T cell exhaustion and this system has been invaluable for uncovering the complexity, regulators, and consequences of this state. These findings have been directly relevant for understanding why ineffective T cell responses commonly arise during many chronic infections including HIV and HCV, as well as during tumor outgrowth. The principal feature of exhausted T cells is the inability to elaborate the array of effector functions necessary to contain the underlying infection or tumor. Using LCMV to determine how to prevent and reverse T cell exhaustion has highlighted the potential of checkpoint blockade therapies, most notably PD-1 inhibition strategies, for improving cellular immunity under conditions of antigen persistence. Here, we discuss the discovery, properties, and regulators of exhausted T cells and highlight how LCMV has been at the forefront of advancing our understanding of these ineffective responses.

Indexed as

AnimalsArenaviridae InfectionsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Cycle CheckpointsCellular SenescenceHumansImmunity, CellularLymphocytic choriomeningitis virusMiceMice, Inbred C57BLantiviral responsescheckpoint inhibitorschronic infectionimmune exhaustionLCMVT cells

Identifiers

PMID30781904
PMCPMC6410286

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.