ArticleCells2019
Chronic Hypoxia Enhances β-Oxidation-Dependent Electron Transport via Electron Transferring Flavoproteins.
Article in Cells, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decreased FSP1 expression under chronic hypoxia sensitizes human macrophages towards ferroptosis.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Pathophysiology of chronic subdural hematoma-new insights.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Review
- BCR::ABL1 expression in chronic myeloid leukemia cells in low oxygen is regulated by glutamine via CD36-mediated fatty acid uptake.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Sex differences in metabolic adaptation in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Immune escape and metastasis mechanisms in melanoma: breaking down the dichotomy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immunometabolic Profiling of Chronic Subdural Hematoma through Untargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis: Preliminary Findings of a Novel Approach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- LDH-A Promotes Metabolic Rewiring in Leucocytes from the Intestine of Rats Treated with TNBS.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Alzheimer's-Associated Upregulation of Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes After Traumatic Brain Injury.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Functional states of myeloid cells in cancer.Cancer cell · 2023Review
- Distinct metabolic hallmarks of WHO classified adult glioma subtypes.Neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- Weight Loss and Fat Metabolism during Multi-Day High-Altitude Sojourns: A Hypothesis Based on Adipocyte Signaling.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Mitochondria as Key Players in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Strategies to Interfere with Tumor Metabolism through the Interplay of Innate and Adaptive Immunity.Cells · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hypoxia poses a stress to cells and decreases mitochondrial respiration, in part by electron transport chain (ETC) complex reorganization. While metabolism under acute hypoxia is well characterized, alterations under chronic hypoxia largely remain unexplored. We followed oxygen consumption rates in THP-1 monocytes during acute (16 h) and chronic (72 h) hypoxia, compared to normoxia, to analyze the electron flows associated with glycolysis, glutamine, and fatty acid oxidation. Oxygen consumption under acute hypoxia predominantly demanded pyruvate, while under chronic hypoxia, fatty acid- and glutamine-oxidation dominated. Chronic hypoxia also elevated electron-transferring flavoproteins (ETF), and the knockdown of ETF⁻ubiquinone oxidoreductase lowered mitochondrial respiration under chronic hypoxia. Metabolomics revealed an increase in citrate under chronic hypoxia, which implied glutamine processing to α-ketoglutarate and citrate. Expression regulation of enzymes involved in this metabolic shunting corroborated this assumption. Moreover, the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 increased, thus pointing to fatty acid synthesis under chronic hypoxia. Cells lacking complex I, which experienced a markedly impaired respiration under normoxia, also shifted their metabolism to fatty acid-dependent synthesis and usage. Taken together, we provide evidence that chronic hypoxia fuels the ETC via ETFs, increasing fatty acid production and consumption via the glutamine-citrate-fatty acid axis.
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