ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in the Brain: What's New?
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- IRS2 as a driver and therapeutic target in brain metastases from colorectal cancer: a systematic review of mechanistic and translational evidence.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- The Influence of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes on Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Mechanisms and Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cognitive Impairment: A Comprehensive Review.Aging and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Association between insulin resistance and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Pooled it
- GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis revealing motor benefit and highlighting mood improvement.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Antioxidant Enzymes and Weight Gain in Drug-naive First-episode Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Risperidone for 12 Weeks: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Trial
- Empagliflozin Improves Insulin Sensitivity of the Hypothalamus in Humans With Prediabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial.Diabetes care · 2022Trial
- Inflammation and polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: utilizing proteomics to unravel this link in adolescents.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Peripheral metabolic dysfunction is associated with cognitive frailty in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Time- and Region-Specific Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Rat Brain.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Nutrition, Cell Signalling, Mitochondrial Function, and Chronic Non-Communicable Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Hidden Metabolic Roots of Epilepsy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Unravelling the novel insights between miR-7 and Parkinson's disease (PD).Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- From Metabolism to Mind: The Cardio-Metabolic-Brain Axis and the Role of Insulin Resistance-A Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Interactions between betaine, insulin resistance, and cognitive impairment in people with and without HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Mood Disorders: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Evidence, and Challenges.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Review
- Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Mitohormesis linking metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration: implications for dementia and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Predicting Stroke Incidence Using Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate Index in the Population with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stage 0-3 in the Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population.Cardiorenal medicine · 2026Observational
- Multi-system biomarkers of suicide risk in major depressive disorder: integrating erythroid parameters, composite inflammatory indices, and metabolic dysregulation.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The latest studies have indicated a strong relationship between systemic insulin resistance (IR) and higher incidence of neurodegeneration, dementia, and mild cognitive impairment. Although some of these abnormalities could be explained by chronic hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidaemia, and/or prolonged whole-body inflammation, the key role is attributed to the neuronal redox imbalance and oxidative damage. In this mini review, we provide a schematic overview of intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormalities in the IR brain. We highlight important correlations found so far between brain oxidative stress, ceramide generation, β-amyloid accumulation, as well as neuronal apoptosis in the IR conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.