ArticlePloS one2019
Spatial and temporal development of deltamethrin resistance in malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae complex from North Cameroon.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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22 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of carbamate resistance in the malaria vector:Parasite epidemiology and control · 2026Review
- Mosquito vector composition and biting behavior of malaria vectors in forest versus humid savanna eco-epidemiological settings of Cameroon.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Genetic polymorphism of msp2 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates among asymptomatic malaria infections from two ecological settings in Cameroon.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Impact of dual active ingredients long-lasting insecticidal nets on the genetic structure of insecticide resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae in Southern Benin.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections and determinants of carriage in a seasonal malaria chemoprevention setting in Northern Cameroon and south Senegal (Kedougou).Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of increased intensity of pyrethroid resistance in Central African population of a major malaria vectorEvolutionary applications · 2024Article
- Burden of mosquito-borne diseases across rural versus urban areas in Cameroon between 2002 and 2021: prospective for community-oriented vector management approaches.Parasites & vectors · 2023Review
- Malaria transmission pattern across the Sahelian, humid savanna, highland and forest eco-epidemiological settings in Cameroon.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Larviciding intervention targeting malaria vectors also affectsCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2023Article
- Insecticide Resistance Profile and Mechanisms inInsects · 2022Article
- Spatial distribution of insecticide resistant populations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus and first detection of V410L mutation in Ae. aegypti from Cameroon.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Modelling spatiotemporal trends in the frequency of genetic mutations conferring insecticide target-site resistance in African mosquito malaria vector species.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Patterns ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- An update on the mosquito fauna and mosquito-borne diseases distribution in Cameroon.Parasites & vectors · 2021Review
- Pyrethroid and Etofenprox Resistance inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Laboratory and field evaluation of MAÏAMalaria journal · 2021Article
- Entomological and Anthropological Factors Contributing to Persistent Malaria Transmission in Kenya, Ethiopia, and Cameroon.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Influence of a Major Mountainous Landscape Barrier (Mount Cameroon) on the Spread of Metabolic (Genes · 2020Article
- Article
- First report of AChE1 (G119S) mutation and multiple resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The effectiveness of insecticide-based malaria vector control interventions in Africa is threatened by the spread and intensification of pyrethroid resistance in targeted mosquito populations. The present study aimed at investigating the temporal and spatial dynamics of deltamethrin resistance in An. gambiae s.l. populations from North Cameroon. Mosquito larvae were collected from 24 settings of the Garoua, Pitoa and Mayo Oulo Health Districts (HDs) from 2011 to 2015. Two to five days old female An. gambiae s.l. emerging from larval collections were tested for deltamethrin resistance using the World Health Organization's (WHO) standard protocol. Sub samples of test mosquitoes were identified to species using PCR-RFLP and genotyped for knockdown resistance alleles (Kdr 1014F and 1014S) using Hot Ligation Oligonucleotide Assay (HOLA). All the tested mosquitoes were identified as belonging to the An. gambiae complex, including 3 sibling species mostly represented by Anopheles arabiensis (67.6%), followed by Anopheles coluzzii (25.4%) and Anopheles gambiae (7%). Deltamethrin resistance frequencies increased significantly between 2011 and 2015, with mosquito mortality rates declining from 70-85% to 49-73% in the three HDs (Jonckheere-Terstra test statistic (JT) = 5638, P< 0.001), although a temporary increase of mortality rates (91-97%) was seen in the Pitoa and Mayo Oulo HDs in 2012. Overall, confirmed resistance emerged in 10 An. gambiae s.l. populations over the 24 field populations monitored during the study period, from 2011 to 2015. Phenotypic resistance was mostly found in urban settings compared with semi-urban and rural settings (JT = 5282, P< 0.0001), with a spatial autocorrelation between neighboring localities. The Kdr 1014F allelic frequencies in study HDs increased from 0-30% in 2011 to 18-61% in 2014-2015 (JT = 620, P <0.001), especially in An. coluzzii samples. The overall frequency of the Kdr 1014S allele was 0.1%. This study revealed a rapid increase and widespread deltamethrin resistance frequency as well as Kdr 1014F allelic frequencies in An. gambiae s.l. populations over time, emphasizing the urgent need for vector surveillance and insecticide resistance management strategies in Cameroon.
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