ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2019
Enterovirus A71 vaccine effectiveness in preventing enterovirus A71 infection among medically-attended hand, foot, and mouth disease cases, Beijing, China.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- An evaluation of a test-negative design for EV-71 vaccine from a randomized controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- Dynamic epidemiological changes of hand, foot, and mouth disease and real-world effectiveness of EV-A71 vaccination: A case study in Shanghai (2009-2023).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Bivalent Vaccine for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Simulation-Based Study in Beijing, China.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Evaluation of enterovirus A71 vaccine effectiveness against pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus A71 virus in Tianjin, China, 2016-2023: A test-negative design case-control study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Enterovirus 71 inactivated vaccines against hand, foot, and mouth disease: A test-negative case-control study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A6 circulation in England, UK, 2006-2017: A mathematical modelling study using cross-sectional seroprevalence data.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of EV-A71 Vaccine and Its Impact on the Incidence of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Epidemiology and etiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China, from 2009 to 2021.Infectious medicine · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of Real-World Study in Vaccine Evaluation.China CDC weekly · 2024Article
- Progress in research and development of preventive vaccines for children in China.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Molecular epidemiology and phylodynamic analysis of enterovirus 71 in Beijing, China, 2009-2019.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Factors related to the mortality risk of severe hand, foot, and mouth diseases (HFMD): a 5-year hospital-based survey in Guangxi, Southern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shanghai, China from 2011 to 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- A novel subgenotype C6 Enterovirus A71 originating from the recombination between subgenotypes C4 and C2 strains in mainland China.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal cluster patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease at the province level in mainland China, 2011-2018.PloS one · 2022Article
- Enterovirus A71 Vaccines.Vaccines · 2021Review
- An epidemiological surveillance of hand foot and mouth disease in paediatric patients and in community: A Singapore retrospective cohort study, 2013-2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Assessing the vaccine effectiveness for hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangzhou, China: a time-series analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Next generation sequencing of human enterovirus strains from an outbreak of enterovirus A71 shows applicability to outbreak investigations.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEnterovirus A71(EV-A71)-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has been reported worldwide, and poses a particularly heavy burden on patients, families, and society in China. Three Chinese companies have licensed inactivated EV-A71 vaccines, all of which have demonstrated good efficacy for preventing EV-A71-associated disease in clinical trials. However, real-world performance of EV-A71 vaccine has not been evaluated.
methodsWe used a test-negative design case-control study to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended EV-A71-associated HFMD. Subjects were children 5 years of age and under who had been in health facilities participating in the HFMD case and virologic surveillance platforms in Beijing. Enterovirus infections were laboratory confirmed, and EV-A71 vaccination status was extracted from electronic immunization records. Children testing positive for EV-A71 were cases; controls were children testing negative for EV-A71 infection. Logistic regression was used to estimate VE. We assessed sensitivity of VE estimates to control group inclusion criteria by repeating the regression analyses with two alternative control groups.
resultsA total of 2,184 HFMD patients aged 5 years and under were enrolled in the study; 24 were severe, and 2,160 were mild. For severe cases, two-dose VE estimate was 100% (95% CI: -68.1%, 100%). For mild cases, 1-dose and 2-dose adjusted VE estimates were 69.8% and 83.7%, respectively. Two-dose VE estimates varied by less than 4 percentage points regardless of control group definition.
conclusionsOur findings suggested the vaccines performed well in the real world for children 5 years of age and under in Beijing, China.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.