Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30779530›Full record

Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2019

Adjunctive Intermittent Pneumatic Compression for Venous Thromboprophylaxis.

Yaseen M Arabi, Fahad Al-Hameed, Karen E A Burns, Sangeeta Mehta, Sami J Alsolamy, Mohammed S Alshahrani, Yasser Mandourah, Ghaleb A Almekhlafi, Mohammed Almaani, Ali Al Bshabshe and 14 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02040103 (Prophylaxis of Thromboembolism in Critically Ill Patients Using Combined Intermittent Pneumatic Compression), which is not on this map. Cited by 90 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
28.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02040103 nacompletednot on this map

Prophylaxis of Thromboembolism in Critically Ill Patients Using Combined Intermittent Pneumatic Compression(IPC) and Pharmacologic Prophylaxis Versus Pharmacologic Prophylaxis Alone: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterRan2014 to 2018Enrolled2,000ConditionsDeep Venous ThrombosisArmspneumatic compression
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 213 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Guideline
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  7. Pooled it
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  10. [S3 Guideline Sepsis-prevention, diagnosis, therapy, and aftercare : Long version].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2020
    Guideline
  11. Can Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Reduce the Incidence of Venous Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
    Pooled it
  12. Trial
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  16. Article
  17. [Anticoagulation in critical care].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
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30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 4 institutions in 7 countries.

Yaseen M ArabiFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.ORCID 0000-0001-5735-6241
Fahad Al-HameedFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Karen E A BurnsFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Sangeeta MehtaFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Sami J AlsolamyFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Mohammed S AlshahraniFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Yasser MandourahFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Ghaleb A AlmekhlafiFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Mohammed AlmaaniFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Ali Al BshabsheFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Simon FinferFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Zia ArshadFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Imran KhalidFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Yatin MehtaFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Atul GaurFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Hassan HawaFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Hergen BuscherFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Hani LababidiFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Abdulsalam Al AithanFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Sheryl A I AbdukahilFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Jesna JoseFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Lara Y AfeshFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Abdulaziz Al-DawoodFrom the College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), the Departments of Intensive Care (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.) and Emergency Medicine, (S.J.A.), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense (Y. Mandourah), the Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City (G.A.A.), the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City (M.A., H.L.), Critical Care Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (H.H.), and the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (J.J.) and Research Office (L.Y.A.), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (Y.M.A., S.J.A., S.A.I.A., A.A.-D.), Riyadh, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (F.A.-H.), and Critical Care Section, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (I.K.), Jeddah, the Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (M.S.A.), Dammam, the Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University, Asir Central Hospital (A.A.B.), Abha, and King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, and the Intensive Care Division, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital (A.A.A.), Al Ahsa - all in Saudi Arabia; St. Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (K.E.A.B.), the Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System (S.M.), and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto (K.E.A.B, S.M.) - all in Toronto; the George Institute for Global Health (S.F.), the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital (H.B.), and the University of New South Wales, Sydney (S.F., H.B.), and Intensive Care Department, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, NSW (A.G.) - all in Australia; and the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George's Medical University, Lucknow (Z.A.), and Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon (Y. Mehta) - both in India.
Saudi Critical Care Trials Group
Ministry of National Defense · KRRiyadh Armed Forces Hospital · SASt. Michael's Hospital · CASt. Vincent's Birmingham · US

Funding

King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology AT 34-65King Abdullah International Medical Research Center RC 12/045/R
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhether adjunctive intermittent pneumatic compression in critically ill patients receiving pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis would result in a lower incidence of deep-vein thrombosis than pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis alone is uncertain.

methodsWe randomly assigned patients who were considered adults according to the local standards at the participating sites (≥14, ≥16, or ≥18 years of age) within 48 hours after admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) to receive either intermittent pneumatic compression for at least 18 hours each day in addition to pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin (pneumatic compression group) or pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis alone (control group). The primary outcome was incident (i.e., new) proximal lower-limb deep-vein thrombosis, as detected on twice-weekly lower-limb ultrasonography after the third calendar day since randomization until ICU discharge, death, attainment of full mobility, or trial day 28, whichever occurred first.

resultsA total of 2003 patients underwent randomization - 991 were assigned to the pneumatic compression group and 1012 to the control group. Intermittent pneumatic compression was applied for a median of 22 hours (interquartile range, 21 to 23) daily for a median of 7 days (interquartile range, 4 to 13). The primary outcome occurred in 37 of 957 patients (3.9%) in the pneumatic compression group and in 41 of 985 patients (4.2%) in the control group (relative risk, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60 to 1.44; P = 0.74). Venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism or any lower-limb deep-vein thrombosis) occurred in 103 of 991 patients (10.4%) in the pneumatic compression group and in 95 of 1012 patients (9.4%) in the control group (relative risk, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.44), and death from any cause at 90 days occurred in 258 of 990 patients (26.1%) and 270 of 1011 patients (26.7%), respectively (relative risk, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.13).

conclusionsAmong critically ill patients who were receiving pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis, adjunctive intermittent pneumatic compression did not result in a significantly lower incidence of proximal lower-limb deep-vein thrombosis than pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis alone. (Funded by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center; PREVENT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02040103; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN44653506.).

Indexed as

Intermittent Pneumatic Compression DevicesAdolescentAdultAnticoagulantsCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHeparinHeparin, Low-Molecular-WeightHospital MortalityHumansIncidenceIntensive Care UnitsKaplan-Meier EstimateLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedAnticoagulantsHeparinHeparin, Low-Molecular-Weight

Identifiers

PMID30779530
OpenAlexW2916599423

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.