ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2019
Poly(I:C) stimulation is superior than Imiquimod to induce the antitumoral functional profile of tumor-conditioned macrophages.
Article in European journal of immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prognostic value of tumor-associated macrophages detected by immunostaining in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review on poly(I:C) and poly-ICLC in glioblastoma: adjuvants coordinating the unlocking of immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2021Pooled it
- Precision engineering of macrophage reprogramming with RNA interference-loaded lipid nanoparticles: a game-changer in cancer immunotherapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Macrophage Polarization as a Target for Colorectal Cancer Treatment Optimization: A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2026Review
- Tumour-resident oncolytic bacteria trigger potent anticancer effects through selective intratumoural thrombosis and necrosis.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Designing nucleic acid-based therapeutics for cancer treatment: Updates on the state of the art.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- PolyIC as an adjuvant outperforms anti-VEGF in combination with anti-PD-L1 therapy in mouse liver tumor models.Hepatology communications · 2025Article
- Emerging immunologic approaches as cancer anti-angiogenic therapies.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Immune microenvironment regulation and clinical immunotherapy strategies of metastatic liver cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pre-metastatic niche: formation, characteristics and therapeutic implication.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Molecular understanding and clinical aspects of tumor-associated macrophages in the immunotherapy of renal cell carcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Mannose-modified hyaluronic acid nanocapsules for the targeting of tumor-associated macrophages.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophage Subsets: Shaping Polarization and Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Turning adversity into opportunity: Small extracellular vesicles as nanocarriers for tumor-associated macrophages re-education.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023Review
- Breast cancer associated CD169Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Repolarization of Unbalanced Macrophages: Unmet Medical Need in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Therapeutic anti-glioma effect of the combined action of PCSK inhibitor with the anti-tumoral factors secreted by Poly (I:C)-stimulated macrophages.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages: Reasons to Be Cheerful, Reasons to Be Fearful.Experientia supplementum (2012) · 2022Article
- Macrophage-Based Combination Therapies as a New Strategy for Cancer Immunotherapy.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Molecular imaging of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is the ability of mononuclear phagocytes to change phenotype, function, and genetic reprogramming upon encounter of specific local stimuli. In the tumor microenvironment, Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) acquire an immune-suppressive and tumor-promoting phenotype. With the aim to re-educate TAMs to antitumor effectors, in this study, we used two immunestimulatory compounds: the TLR7 agonist Imiquimod (IMQ) and the TLR3 agonist Poly(I:C). To better mimic in vitro the response of TAMs, we used Tumor-Conditioned Macrophages (TC-Mϕ) differentiated in the presence of tumor cell supernatants. Our results show that TC-Mϕ respond differently from conventional M2-polarized macrophages. Upon stimulation with IMQ, TC-Mϕ did not upregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC II) molecules and unexpectedly expressed increased CD206. With both compounds, TC-Mϕ produced higher levels of inflammatory cytokines than M2 macrophages. IMQ and Poly(I:C) differed in the types of regulated genes and secreted mediators. Reflecting their signaling pathways, only IMQ significantly induced IL-1β and IL-6, while only Poly(I:C) stimulated CXCL10, and both upregulated CCL5. Of note, using a novel cytotoxicity assay, Poly(I:C), but not IMQ, was effective in triggering the cytotoxic activity of TC-Mϕ against cancer cells. Overall, the results demonstrate that Poly(I:C) stimulation of TC-Mϕ is superior than IMQ in terms of macrophage re-education toward antitumor effectors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.