ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2019
The structure and psychosocial correlates of complicated bereavement amongst refugees from West Papua.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for poor bereavement outcomes and the support needs of adult bereaved refugees within the psychosocial-cultural concept of personhood: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- An Integrative Adapt Therapy for common mental health symptoms and adaptive stress amongst Rohingya, Chin, and Kachin refugees living in Malaysia: A randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2020Trial
- The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder according to the international classification of diseases 11: a scoping review.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Prevalence, comorbidities, and factors associated with prolonged grief disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder in refugees: a systematic review.Conflict and health · 2024Review
- Quality of mental health questionnaires in conflict-affected adult populations in low and middle income countries: A systematic review.Journal of migration and health · 2021Review
- Psychosocial mechanisms of change in symptoms of Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder amongst refugees from Myanmar over the course of Integrative Adapt Therapy.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2020Article
- Attachment Style, Complicated Grief and Post-Traumatic Growth in Traumatic Loss: The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination.Psychiatry investigation · 2020Article
- Post-Migration Stressors and Their Association With Symptom Reduction and Non-Completion During Treatment for Traumatic Grief in Refugees.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Prolonged Grief Disorder Among Refugees in Psychological Treatment-Association With Self-Efficacy and Emotion Regulation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeRefugees may be at risk of experiencing a complicated form of bereavement. As yet, however, the nosological status of this putative category across cultures remains in question. We apply qualitative and quantitative methods to investigate the manifestations, prevalence, factorial structure and psychosocial correlates of complicated bereavement amongst refugees from West Papua, a population with no past exposure to western concepts of grief or to formal mental health services.
methodsQualitative methods (focus groups and informant interviews) were used to identify cultural expressions of complicated bereavement derived from international classification systems, that is, DSM 5 persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) and ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in developing a structured interview applied by trained field workers. Participants were adult West Papuan refugees and their offspring recruited from households (n = 486, response 85.8%) across nine villages in a remote town in Papua New Guinea.
resultsThe qualitative data obtained from focus groups (n = 20) and informant interviews (n = 4) with local psychiatrists supported the cultural validity of complicated bereavement. 16% (n = 78) of the sample met criteria for PCBD based on DSM-5 criteria and 103 (21%) met criteria for PGD based on ICD-11 criteria. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a six-factor model of complicated bereavement with a moderately good fit to the data. The model included dimensions of anger/negative appraisal (AN), avoidance/giving up, estrangement from others, and confusion and diminished identity. In contrast, the DSM-5 three-factor model and the ICD-11 two-factor model each yielded a poor fit. Cumulative traumatic losses (β = 0.16, P = 0.03), duration since displacement [(β = 0.10, P = 0.02)] and postmigration living difficulties (β = 0.20, P = 0.01) were associated with an aggregated index of complicated bereavement, supporting the concurrent validity of the structure identified.
conclusionsCulture and exposure to persecution and displacement may contribute to the content and configuration of the complicated bereavement reaction, an issue that requires recognition in international classification systems and clinical practice.
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