ReviewMethods in cell biology2019
The painted sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus, as a genetically-enabled developmental model.
Review in Methods in cell biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cryopreservation of sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos and development through metamorphosis.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2026Article
- The tuxedo sea urchinbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The gain and loss of plasticity during development and evolution.Trends in cell biology · 2025Review
- CMTM4 is an adhesion modulator that regulates skeletal patterning and primary mesenchyme cell migration in sea urchin embryos.Developmental biology · 2025Article
- Characterization of cellular and molecular immune components of the painted white sea urchin Lytechinus pictus in response to bacterial infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Stable germline transgenesis using the Minos Tc1/mariner element in the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Localization and origins of juvenile skeletogenic cells in the sea urchin Lytechinuspictus.Developmental biology · 2024Article
- Cold storage and cryopreservation methods for spermatozoa of the sea urchins Lytechinus pictus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2024Article
- Article
- The roles of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein drug transporters in regulating gut microbes and inflammation: insights from animal models, old and new.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Semi-automated, high-content imaging of drug transporter knockout sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2024Article
- Future research directions of the model marine tubeworm Hydroides elegans and synthesis of developmental staging of the complete life cycle.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2023Article
- Generation of a homozygous mutant drug transporter (ABCB1) knockout line in the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Chromosomal-Level Genome Assembly of the Painted Sea Urchin Lytechinus pictus: A Genetically Enabled Model System for Cell Biology and Embryonic Development.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Embryo, larval, and juvenile staging of Lytechinus pictus from fertilization through sexual maturation.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although sea urchins are one of the oldest and most widely used marine model systems, few species have been routinely kept in culture through multiple generations. The workhorse of the field is the purple urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. However, one disadvantage of S. purpuratus is its long generation time, making it impractical as a model for generating and maintaining transgenic lines. In an effort to develop a sea urchin that is suitable for transgenerational experiments and the generation of transgenic lines, we have focused on development of updated culturing methods and genomic resources for the painted sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus. Compared to S. purpuratus, L. pictus have relatively large eggs, develop into optically clear embryos, and the smaller adults can become gravid in under a year. Fifty years ago, Hinegardner developed culturing methods for raising L. pictus through metamorphosis. Here, we provide an updated protocol for establishing and maintaining L. pictus in the laboratory, and describe a new genome resource for this urchin. In our hands, L. pictus reach the 4-armed pluteus stage at 4 days; become competent to metamorphosis at 24 days; and are gravid by 6 months. Plutei and juveniles are fed on a diet of algae and diatoms, and adults are fed on kelp. We also make available a L. pictus transcriptome generated from developmental stages (eggs to 2-day-old plutei) to support the annotation of our genome sequencing project, and to enhance the utility of this species for molecular studies and transgenesis.
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