Observational studyCritical care (London, England)2019
The clinical impacts and risk factors for non-central line-associated bloodstream infection in 5046 intensive care unit patients: an observational study based on electronic medical records.
Observational study in Critical care (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chlorhexidine solutions are more effective than povidone-iodine solutions as skin disinfectants for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections: A meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of corticosteroids on mortality of patients with influenza pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Device-associated healthcare-associated infections in an intensive care unit in Türkiye: trends and additional costs - a retrospective propensity matched cohort analysis.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Predicting nosocomial infections in critically Ill children: a comprehensive systematic review of risk assessment models.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Epidemiology and drug resistance analysis of bloodstream infections in an intensive care unit from a children's medical center in Eastern China for six consecutive years.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
- Risk of central line-associated bloodstream infections during COVID-19 pandemic in intensive care patients in a tertiary care centre in Saudi Arabia.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Prognostic Factors That Affect Mortality Patients withInfection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Immunometabolic features of natural killer cells are associated with infection outcomes in critical illness.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Effects of Tanreqing Injection on ICU Mortality among ICU Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: Time-Dependent Cox Regression Analysis of A Large Registry.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical Impact and Risk Factors of Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Nosocomial Infection: A Propensity Score-Matching Study from 2018 to 2020 in a Teaching Hospital in China.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Characteristics, Outcomes, and Clinical Indicators of Bloodstream Infections in Neutropenic Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A 7-Year Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumonia-related bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit: a single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of ICU-Onset Bloodstream Infection: Prevalence, Pathogens, and Risk Factors Among 150,948 ICU Patients at 85 U.S. Hospitals.Critical care medicine · 2022Article
- A risk score for early predicting bloodstream infections in febrile obstetric patients: a pilot study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2022Article
- Characterization of the First Carbapenem-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection and Risk Factors Associated with Mortality and Drug Resistance: A Retrospective Study from Shanxi, China.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Associations of Fentanyl, Sufentanil, and Remifentanil With Length of Stay and Mortality Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Registry-Based Cohort Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Utilization of traditional Chinese medicine in the intensive care unit.Chinese medicine · 2021Article
- Developing a research database of primary aldosteronism: rationale and baseline characteristics.BMC endocrine disorders · 2021Article
- There is no dose-response relationship between allogeneic blood transfusion and healthcare-associated infection: a retrospective cohort study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost of the previous studies focused on central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), while non-central line-associated bloodstream infection (N-CLABSI) was poorly studied. This study was performed to investigate the clinical impacts and risk factors for N-CLABSI in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
methodsAn observational study was conducted in an adult general ICU. The electronic medical records from 2013 to 2017 of all patients aged ≥ 18 years admitted to the ICU > 2 days were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with N-CLABSI and without N-CLABSI or with CLABSI were compared for clinical features and outcomes. Predicted death in ICU included death in ICU and discharging from ICU against medical advice because of critical conditions and the desire to pass away at home. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to ensure that both two groups had similar baseline characteristics. Multivariate regression models were used to confirm whether N-CLABSI was an independent risk factor for each of the outcomes and to analyze the risk factors for N-CLABSI in ICU patients.
resultsOf 5046 patients included, 155 developed 168 ICU-acquired N-CLABSI episodes (2.1 episodes per 1000 patient-days) in the ICU, accounted for the majority of nosocomial bloodstream infections (NBSIs; 71.8%). After PS matching, patients with N-CLABSI had prolonged length of stay (LOS) in ICU (median 15 days, p < 0.001) and LOS in hospital (median 13 days, p < 0.001), excess hospitalization costs (median, $27,668 [in US dollar 2017, 1:6.75], p < 0.001), and increased mortality in ICU (8.8%, p = 0.013) and predicted mortality in ICU (22.7%, p < 0.001), compared with those without N-CLABSI. There were no significant differences in all the outcomes between N-CLABSI and CLABSI. N-CLABSI was an independent risk factor for each of the outcomes. Gastrointestinal bleeding (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.30), trauma (aOR 2.52), pancreatitis (aOR 3.45), surgical operation (aOR 1.82), intravascular catheters (aOR 2.93), sepsis (aOR 1.69), pneumonia (aOR 1.53), intraabdominal infection (IAI, aOR 8.37), or healthcare-associated infections other than NBSI, pneumonia, and IAI (aOR 3.89) were risk factors for N-CLABSI in ICU patients.
conclusionsN-CLABSI was associated with similar poor outcomes with CLABSI, including prolonged LOS in ICU and in hospital and increased hospitalization costs and predicted mortality in ICU. The risk factors for N-CLABSI identified in this study provide further insight in preventing N-CLABSI.
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