ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2019
Chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with central nervous system complications caused by varicella-zoster virus.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The extracellular matrix in inflammation and cancer.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Varicella Zoster Virus Infection: Clinical Features, Molecular Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention.MedComm · 2026Review
- Varicella-zoster virus infection of the central nervous system: clinical features and proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Viral Infection and the Blood-Brain Barrier: Molecular Research Insights and Therapies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Article
- The Factors Associated with the Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Tick-Borne Encephalitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cerebral Hemorrhage in Varicella-Zoster Virus Encephalitis: A Case Study.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Varicella‑zoster virus‑associated meningitis followed peripheral facial palsy: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the Link between Varicella-Zoster Virus, Autoimmune Diseases, and the Role of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Primary immunodeficiency-related genes and varicella-zoster virus reactivation syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- MMP-3 and TIMP-1 as prognostic biomarkers in VZV-induced retinal necrosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression is associated with COVID‑19 severity: A meta‑analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics in meningitis patients with reactivated varicella zoster virus.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Exploring the causal role of the immune response to varicella-zoster virus on multiple traits: a phenome-wide Mendelian randomization study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Comparisons in the changes of clinical characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine profiles between varicella-zoster virus meningitis/encephalitis and other central nervous system infections.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2022Article
- The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase in Inflammation with a Focus on Infectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Neuro-Axonal Damage and Alteration of Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in COVID-19 Patients.Cells · 2022Article
- Article
- Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in the development of neurological complications in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019.International immunopharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVaricella-zoster virus (VZV) is a common viral agent causing central nervous system (CNS) infections including encephalitis, meningitis, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Neurological complications occur frequently despite antiviral treatment. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokines are involved in the neuroinflammatory response during CNS infection. Their role in VZV CNS infections and how they differ between different CNS entities caused by VZV are poorly investigated.
methodsWe analyzed the levels of 30 chemokines and 9 MMPs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 66 patients with VZV CNS infections diagnosed by detection of VZV DNA in CSF and concomitant neurological symptoms and compared with a control group (n = 24).
resultsLevels of CCL19, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were significantly increased and surpassing the levels in serum when analyzing all patients with VZV CNS infections whereas CXCL11 was only increased in CSF of patients with VZV meningitis. MMP-2-levels were highly elevated in CSF of all 66 VZV patients. The patients with encephalitis had the most significantly increased levels of MMPs in CSF, and MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-12 were exclusively increased in this group, whereas MMP-9 in CSF was increased in the patients with VZV meningitis.
conclusionsWe show that both chemokines and MMPs are elevated in the CSF of patients with VZV CNS infections. Encephalitis and meningitis patients differed with respect to other chemokines (CXCL11) and MMPs (MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, and MMP-12), indicating that different location of the virus gives rise to qualitative differences in the ensuing inflammatory response. In addition, the pronounced increase of MMPs in CSF of the patients with encephalitis suggests an association to the severity of this manifestation, compared to VZV meningitis and Ramsay Hunt syndrome. The role of MMPs in association to chemokines should be further investigated to evaluate their significance in the neuropathogenesis of VZV CNS infections and as a potential target for new treatment alternatives.
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