ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2019
Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale to assess exclusive breastfeeding.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The PostNAPS Study: Food Insecurity As A Major Determinant of Poor Nutritional and Psychosocial Health Outcomes Among HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Lactating Women and Their Infants in Gulu, Northern Uganda.
Does Watson's Human Caring Theory-based Breastfeeding Educational and Support Programme Affects Mothers Breastfeeding Self-efficacy, Duration, Definitions and Satisfaction?: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometrics of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale and short form: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Breastfeeding self-efficacy scale in Haitian women for chile: cross-cultural adaptation and validation.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale to assess exclusive breastfeeding: a cross-sectional study in rural China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Breastfeeding Education Program Based on Human Caring Theory: Randomized Control Trial.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2024Article
- Transcultural adaptation of a scale for exclusive breastfeeding to be used in Brazil.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2023Article
- Psychometric testing of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale to measure exclusive breastfeeding in African American women: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Pathways linking social support, self-efficacy, and exclusive breastfeeding among women in northern Uganda.Global public health · 2022Article
- Determinants of breastfeeding self-efficacy among postpartum women in rural China: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2022Article
- The Effect of Oketani Breast Massage on Successful Breastfeeding, Mothers' Need for Breastfeeding Support, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: an Experimental Study.International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork · 2021Article
- The association of breastfeeding self-efficacy with breastfeeding duration and exclusivity: longitudinal assessment of the predictive validity of the Greek version of the BSES-SF tool.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Black/African American Breastfeeding Experience: Cultural, Sociological, and Health Dimensions Through an Equity Lens.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2021Review
- Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of Behavioral Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Increase Family Support for Maternal, Infant, and Young Child Nutrition during the First 1000 Days.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing the prevalence of optimal breastfeeding practices, including exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, could prevent an estimated 823,000 child deaths annually. Self-efficacy is an important determinant of breastfeeding behaviors. However, existing measures do not specifically assess exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy, but rather self-efficacy for any breastfeeding. Hence, we sought to adapt and validate an instrument to measure exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy.
methodsWe modified and added items from Dennis' Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF). It was then implemented in an observational cohort in Gulu, Uganda at 1 (n = 239) and 3 (n = 238) months postpartum ( clinicaltrials.gov NCT02925429). We performed inter-item and adjusted item-test correlations, as well as exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis at 1 month postpartum to remove redundant items and determine their latent factor structure. We further applied confirmatory factor analysis to test dimensionality of the scale at 3 months postpartum. We then assessed the reliability of the scale and conducted tests of predictive and discriminant validity. Known group comparisons were made by primiparous status and correct breastfeeding knowledge.
resultsThe modification of the original BSES-SF to target exclusive breastfeeding produced 19 items, which were reduced to 9 based on item correlations and factor loadings. Two dimensions of the adapted scale, the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale to Measure Exclusive Breastfeeding BSES-EBF emerged: Cognitive and Functional subscales, with alpha coefficients of 0.85 and 0.79 at 3 months postpartum. Predictive and discriminant validity and known group comparisons assessments supported its validity.
conclusionsThis version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy scale, the BSES-EBF Scale, is valid and reliable for measuring exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy in northern Uganda, and ready for adaptation and validation for clinical and programmatic use elsewhere.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.