Trial reportJournal of neuro-oncology2019
A multicenter phase II study of temozolomide plus disulfiram and copper for recurrent temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma.
Trial report in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Objective response rate targets for recurrent glioblastoma clinical trials based on the historic association between objective response rate and median overall survival.Neuro-oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Anticancer effects of disulfiram: a systematic review of in vitro, animal, and human studies.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- A Phase 1/2 Study of Disulfiram and Copper With Concurrent Radiation Therapy and Temozolomide for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2024Trial
- Effect of Disulfiram and Copper Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone on Survival in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Phase II study of Disulfiram and Cisplatin in Refractory Germ Cell Tumors. The GCT-SK-006 phase II trial.Investigational new drugs · 2022Trial
- Repurposing Disulfiram for Cancer Therapy: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis rewire the tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, immune modulation, and therapeutic opportunities.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Emerging role of copper in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Role of Ferredoxin 1Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- A phase 1b open-label, dose-escalating study of safety and efficacy of disulfiram, copper and vinorelbine in advanced solid tumors.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in tumor biology: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- NPLOC4 Inhibition Remodels Tumor Microenvironment via M2-to-M1 Macrophage Reprogramming and Boosts Anti-PD-1 Response in Liver Cancer.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Roles of cuproptosis in central nervous system tumors: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Disulfiram activates autophagy via proteasome inhibition and c-Fos/beclin-1 upregulation, synergizing with chloroquine.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Serine metabolism reprogramming in cancer: a multi-tiered regulatory framework.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Review
- Cuproptosis: the mechanisms of copper-induced cell death and its implication in colorectal cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
- A novel approach to enhance glioblastoma multiforme treatment efficacy: non-coding RNA targeted therapy and adjuvant approaches.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Review
- A novel cuproptosis-associated LncRNA model predicting prognostic and immunotherapy response for glioma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposePreclinical studies have suggested promising activity for the combination of disulfiram and copper (DSF/Cu) against glioblastoma (GBM) including re-sensitization to temozolomide (TMZ). A previous phase I study demonstrated the safety of combining DSF/Cu with adjuvant TMZ for newly diagnosed GBM. This phase II study aimed to estimate the potential effectiveness of DSF/Cu to re-sensitize recurrent GBM to TMZ.
methodsThis open-label, single-arm phase II study treated recurrent TMZ-resistant GBM patients with standard monthly TMZ plus concurrent daily DSF 80 mg PO TID and Cu 1.5 mg PO TID. Eligible patients must have progressed after standard chemoradiotherapy and within 3 months of the last dose of TMZ. Known isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant or secondary GBMs were excluded. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), and the secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), clinical benefit (response or stable disease for at least 6 months), and safety.
resultsFrom March 2017 to January 2018, 23 recurrent TMZ-resistant GBM patients were enrolled across seven centers, and 21 patients were evaluable for response. The median duration of DSF/Cu was 1.6 cycles (range: 0.1-12.0). The ORR was 0%, but 14% had clinical benefit. Median PFS was 1.7 months, and median OS was 7.1 months. Only one patient (4%) had dose-limiting toxicity (grade three elevated alanine transaminase).
conclusionsAddition of DSF/Cu to TMZ for TMZ-resistant IDH-wild type GBM appears well tolerated but has limited activity for unselected population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.