Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30770541›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2019

High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing Better Preserves the Nutrient and Bioactive Compound Composition of Human Donor Milk.

Michael A Pitino, Sharon Unger, Alain Doyen, Yves Pouliot, Susanne Aufreiter, Debbie Stone, Alex Kiss, Deborah L O'Connor

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Framework for Evaluation of New Processing Technologies in Human Milk Banking.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025
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  6. Modeling ofInternational journal of food science · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Michael A PitinoDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Sharon UngerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alain DoyenDépartement des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels, Centre de recherche STELA, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
Yves PouliotDépartement des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels, Centre de recherche STELA, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
Susanne AufreiterTranslational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Debbie StoneRogers Hixon Ontario Human Milk Bank, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alex KissEvaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Deborah L O'ConnorDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Mount Sinai Hospital · CAUniversité Laval · CAHospital for Sick Children · CASunnybrook Health Science Centre · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR FDN #143233
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhen mother's milk is insufficient, pasteurized human donor milk (DM) is the recommended supplement for hospitalized very-low-birth-weight infants. The current method of pasteurization (Holder, 62.5°C, 30 min) negatively affects heat-sensitive nutrients and bioactive proteins.

objectivesObjectives of this study were to compare changes in DM composition after thermal pasteurization (Holder and flash-heating) and nonthermal methods [UV-C irradiation and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)]. We hypothesized that nonthermal techniques would result in fewer changes to composition.

methodsHolder, flash-heating (brought to boil), UV-C irradiation (250 nm, 25 min), and HHP (500 MPa, 8 min) were studied. Pools of milk from 17 women known to contain bacteria at >5 × 107 colony forming units (CFU)/L were collected from the Rogers Hixon Ontario Human Milk Bank and underwent each pasteurization technique. Macronutrients, heat-sensitive micronutrients (vitamin C, folate), and bioactive components [bile-salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL), lysozyme, lactoferrin] were measured in raw and pools of pasteurized milk. Milk was cultured to determine how well each technique produced a culture negative result (detection limit <1 × 103 CFU/L).

resultsFolate was reduced by 24-27% after Holder, flash-heating, and UV-C (P < 0.05); no reduction was observed after HHP. All pasteurization methods reduced vitamin C (60-75%, P < 0.001). BSSL was abolished after Holder and flash-heating (P < 0.001), reduced after UV-C (48%, P < 0.001), but unaffected by HHP. Lysozyme activity was reduced after flash-heating (44%) and UV-C (74%, P < 0.004) but unaffected by Holder or HHP. Lactoferrin was reduced by all methods (P < 0.02) but most severely by flash-heating (74%) and least severely by HHP (25%). Holder and UV-C reduced lactoferrin by ∼48%. All pasteurization methods reduced the number of culture positive DM samples (P < 0.001).

conclusionsHHP better preserves human milk composition than Holder pasteurization. Future research on the feasibility of HHP for pasteurizing human milk is warranted because its implementation may improve the nutritional status and health of DM-fed infants.

Indexed as

Hot TemperatureHydrostatic PressureMilk BanksFemaleHumansMilk, HumanNutrientsPasteurizationNutrientsdonor human milkflash-heatinghigh hydrostatic pressure processingHolder pasteurizationUV-C irradiation

Identifiers

PMID30770541
PMCPMC6398389
OpenAlexW2911707878

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.