ArticleCancers2019
Combination of Baseline LDH, Performance Status and Age as Integrated Algorithm to Identify Solid Tumor Patients with Higher Probability of Response to Anti PD-1 and PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibodies.
Article in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers and factors in small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Integrated genomic analysis identifies a genetic mutation model predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma.Cancer medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Prognostic impact of baseline blood biomarkers in SCLC first-line treatment.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- Global research trends on biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy: Visualization and bibliometric analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Lung Immune Prognostic Index-Based Predictive Score in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with a Programmed Death Ligand-1 Tumor Proportion Score ≥ 50.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Baseline Inflammatory Burden Index Predicts Primary Resistance to Combinations of ICIs With Chemotherapy in Patients With HER-2-Negative Advanced Gastric Cancer.Journal of gastric cancer · 2025Article
- The MELimmune score-prognostic factors for overall survival in advanced melanoma and anti-PD-1 monotherapy-a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.Immuno-oncology technology · 2025Article
- Weekly carboplatin plus paclitaxel chemotherapy in advanced melanoma patients resistant to anti-PD-1 inhibitors: a retrospective, monocentric experience.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Primary resistance to immunotherapy in patients with a dMMR/MSI metastatic gastrointestinal cancer: who is at risk? An AGEO real-world study.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Serum LDH levels may predict poor neurological outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- Exploring immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- Correlation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells with C-reactive protein, ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase levels in patients with severe COVID-19.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2022Article
- Circulating CD81-expressing extracellular vesicles as biomarkers of response for immune-checkpoint inhibitors in advanced NSCLC.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Nivolumab in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Real World Long-Term Survival Results and Blood-Based Efficacy Biomarkers.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Integrative assessment of clinicopathological parameters and the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2 and PD-1 in tumor cells of retroperitoneal sarcoma.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- Novel risk group stratification for metastatic urothelial cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Lactate dehydrogenase: a marker of diminished antitumor immunity.Oncoimmunology · 2020Review
- An overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2020Review
- Lactate Metabolism and Immune Modulation in Breast Cancer: A Focused Review on Triple Negative Breast Tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Predictive biomarkers of response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an urgent clinical need. The aim of this study is to identify manageable parameters to use in clinical practice to select patients with higher probability of response to ICIs. Two-hundred-and-seventy-one consecutive metastatic solid tumor patients, treated from 2013 until 2017 with anti- Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ICIs, were evaluated for baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) serum level, performance status (PS), age, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, type of immunotherapy, number of metastatic sites, histology, and sex. A training and validation set were used to build and test models, respectively. The variables' effects were assessed through odds ratio estimates (OR) and area under the receive operating characteristic curves (AUC), from univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. A final multivariate model with LDH, age and PS showed significant ORs and an AUC of 0.771. Results were statistically validated and used to devise an Excel algorithm to calculate the patient's response probabilities. We implemented an interactive Excel algorithm based on three variables (baseline LDH serum level, age and PS) which is able to provide a higher performance in response prediction to ICIs compared with LDH alone. This tool could be used in a real-life setting to identify ICIs in responding patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.