ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
High Plasma Soluble CD163 During Infancy Is a Marker for Neurocognitive Outcomes in Early-Treated HIV-Infected Children.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00428116 (Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1 Treatment, Nairobi, Kenya), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimizing Pediatric HIV-1 Treatment, Nairobi, Kenya (0-4.5 Month Randomized Controlled Trial)
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral Blood Monocytes as Biomarkers of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Pooled it
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers Lack Strong Association With Cognitive Outcomes Among Young Adults With Perinatal HIV Exposure and/or Acquisition.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- The Role of Nutrition in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Mechanisms, Risks, and Interventions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Plasma galectin-9 relates to cognitive performance and inflammation among adolescents with vertically acquired HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2024Article
- Influence of HIV infection on cognition and overall intelligence in HIV-infected individuals: advances and perspectives.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Review
- Antiretroviral choice and severe disease predict poorer neuropsychological outcomes in HIV+ children from Africa.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Article
- Components of metabolic syndrome associated with lower neurocognitive performance in youth with perinatally acquired HIV and youth who are HIV-exposed uninfected.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Observational
- Neurocognitive Complications of Pediatric HIV Infections.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMonocyte activation may contribute to neuronal injury in aviremic HIV-infected adults; data are lacking in children. We examined the relation between monocyte activation markers and early and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in early-treated HIV-infected children.
settingProspective study of infant and child neurodevelopmental outcomes nested within a randomized clinical trial (NCT00428116) and extended cohort study in Kenya.
methodsHIV-infected infants (N = 67) initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) at age <5 months. Plasma soluble (s) CD163 (sCD163), sCD14, and neopterin were measured before ART (entry) and 6 months later. Milestone attainment was ascertained monthly during 24 months, and neuropsychological tests were performed at 5.8-8.2 years after initiation of ART (N = 27). The relationship between neurodevelopment and sCD163, sCD14, and neopterin at entry and 6 months after ART was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models and linear regression.
resultsInfants with high entry sCD163 had unexpected earlier attainment of supported sitting (5 vs 6 months; P = 0.006) and supported walking (10 vs 12 months; P = 0.02) with trends in adjusted analysis. Infants with high 6-month post-ART sCD163 attained speech later (17 vs 15 months; P = 0.006; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.47; P = 0.02), threw toys later (18 vs 17 months; P = 0.01; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53; P = 0.04), and at median 6.8 years after ART, had worse neuropsychological test scores (adj. mean Z-score differences, cognition, -0.42; P = 0.07; short-term memory, -0.52; P = 0.08; nonverbal test performance, -0.39, P = 0.05).
conclusionsBefore ART, monocyte activation may reflect transient neuroprotective mechanisms in infants. After ART and viral suppression, monocyte activation may predict worse short- and long-term neurodevelopment outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.