ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2019
Maternal Depression and Stress in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Associations With Mother-Child Interactions at Age 5 Years.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indicators of maternal anxiety, stress, and depression and developmental outcomes in preterm children: A systematic review.Infant mental health journal · 2026Pooled it
- Understanding the Domains of Experiences of Black Mothers with Preterm Infants in the United States: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of paternal anxiety on mother-infant bonding in neonatal intensive care.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Predictors of Maternal Bonding and Responsiveness for Mothers of Very Preterm Infants.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2022Trial
- Maternal Anxiety, Infant Stress, and the Role of Live-Performed Music Therapy during NICU Stay in The Netherlands.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Listening Visits for Mothers of Hospitalized Newborns.Nursing researchTrial
- Evaluation of a Telesimulation Program to Support Psychosocial Communication Training for Neonatology Fellows.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Resiliency factors relevant to NICU parents' emotional and relational health.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Diversity, equity, and inclusion considerations for anti-racist, equity-focused NICU family mental health.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Key Components of Parenting Education Interventions for Preterm Infant-Parent Dyads Admitted to the NICU: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Associations of cumulative adversity on Hispanic mothers' perceived stress with infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026Article
- Effect of Massage With Verbal Contact by Mothers of Premature Infants on Maternal Attachment and Infant's Motor Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Parental Educational Needs During the NICU Stay: Mothers' Perspectives.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Maternal mental health impacts 2-year cognitive and language outcomes in infants born before 30 weeks of gestation.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- A scoping review of responsive caregiving in diverse populations and its association with child development.Early human development · 2026Article
- Trajectory of parental health-related quality of life after neonatal hospitalization - a prospective cohort study.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Article
- Promoting mental well-being among parents in the neonatal intensive care unit: a perspective on the role of Physician Associates.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Review
- Development and psychometric evaluation of "Caring Ability of Mother with Preterm Infant Scale" (CAMPIS): a sequential exploratory mixed-method study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Does early skin-to-skin contact have a long-term effect on the emotional and behavioral development of very preterm infants?Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Early psychosocial parent-infant interventions and parent-infant relationships after preterm birth-a scoping review.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrevious studies suggest that maternal postpartum mental health issues may have an impact on parenting and child development in preterm infants, but have often not measured symptomatology in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or followed families through early childhood. This study examines how maternal depressive symptoms and stress in the NICU are related to parenting behaviors at age 5 years, in mothers of children born very preterm (at ≤30 weeks' gestation).
methodThis longitudinal study followed a diverse sample of 74 very preterm children and their mothers. Maternal depression and stress were assessed in the NICU. At age 5, mother-child dyads were observed and coded for maternal intrusiveness, negativity, sensitivity, and positivity. Other covariates, including maternal and child intelligence, maternal education, income-to-needs ratio, maternal depression at age 5 years, and child sex were included in multivariate analyses.
resultsThe interaction between maternal NICU stress and NICU depression for intrusiveness and negativity indicates that greater NICU depression was associated with more intrusiveness under medium or high levels of NICU stress, and more negativity under high levels of NICU stress. Furthermore, greater NICU depression was associated with less sensitivity, over and above other covariates.
conclusionFindings suggest that early maternal peripartum depression and stress in the NICU can have lasting impacts on multiple parenting behaviors, highlighting the need for screening and targeted interventions in the NICU.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.