ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2019
Rates of Hypoglycemia Predicted in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml Versus First- and Second-Generation Basal Insulin Analogs: The Real-World LIGHTNING Study.
Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of switching to insulin glargine 300 U/mL in people with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on basal insulin in China: A post hoc subpopulation analysis of the INITIATION study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus first-generation basal insulin analogues in insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes: 12-month outcomes of ACHIEVE Control, a prospective, randomized, pragmatic real-life clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2020Trial
- A pragmatic randomized clinical trial of insulin glargine 300 U/mL vs first-generation basal insulin analogues in insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes: 6-month outcomes of the ACHIEVE Control study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL in Asia Pacific insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes: The EDITION AP randomized controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2020Trial
- A Patient- and Function-Centric Model/Approach for Hypoglycemia Management in Older Adults.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in High-Risk Subgroups (Renal Impairment and Older Age ≥ 70 years) of Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post hoc Analysis of Real-World ATOS Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Multicenter, Phase 4 Clinical Study from India to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Oral Anti-hyperglycemic Drugs: SAFEGUARD Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Advancement of artificial intelligence based treatment strategy in type 2 diabetes: A critical update.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- Expert Opinion on Current Trends in the Use of Insulin in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes from the South-Eastern European Region and Israel.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Trends in clinical characteristics, medication use, and glycemic control in insulin-treated patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Finland in 2012-2019: Nationwide real-world evidence study.Journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Real-world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml in insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes in the Latin America region: A subgroup analysis of the ATOS.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Observational
- Use of Second-Generation Basal Insulin Gla-300 in Special Populations: A Narrative Mini-Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2023Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in People with Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Basal Insulin: The 26-Week Interventional, Single-Arm ARTEMIS-DM Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Article
- Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes: the ATOS Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Article
- Identifying Patients With Hypoglycemia Using Natural Language Processing: Systematic Literature Review.JMIR diabetes · 2022Review
- Clinical Use of Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Hypothetical Case Studies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Review
- Switching from Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) Insulin to Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL in Older and Younger Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Article
- Clinical outcomes in high-hypoglycaemia-risk patients with type 2 diabetes switching to insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus a first-generation basal insulin analogue in the United States : Results from the DELIVER High Risk real-world study.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2022Observational
- Post Hoc Analysis Evaluating the Impact of Antihyperglycemic Background Therapies on Attainment of A1C Targets Without Hypoglycemia in the ACHIEVE Control Pragmatic, Real-Life Study.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2021Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in Comparison with Insulin Degludec 100 U/ml Evaluated with Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Suboptimal Glycemic Control in Routine Clinical Practice: The OneCARE Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe LIGHTNING study applied conventional and advanced analytic approaches to model, predict, and compare hypoglycemia rates of people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) with those on first-generation (insulin glargine 100 U/ml [Gla-100]; insulin detemir [IDet]) or second-generation (insulin degludec [IDeg]) basal-insulin (BI) analogs, utilizing a large real-world database.
methodsData were collected between 1 January 2007 and 31 March 2017 from the Optum Humedica US electronic health records [EHR] database. Patient-treatments, the period during which a patient used a specific BI, were analyzed for patients who switched from a prior BI or those who newly initiated BI therapy. Data were analyzed using two approaches: propensity score matching (PSM) and a predictive modeling approach using machine learning.
resultsA total of 831,456 patients with T2DM receiving BI were included from the EHR data set. Following selection, 198,198 patient-treatments were available for predictive modeling. The analysis showed that rates of severe hypoglycemia (using a modified definition) were approximately 50% lower with Gla-300 than with Gla-100 or IDet in insulin-naïve individuals, and 30% lower versus IDet in BI switchers (all p < 0.05). Similar rates of severe hypoglycemia were predicted for Gla-300 and IDeg, regardless of prior insulin experience. Similar results to those observed in the overall cohorts were seen in analyses across subgroups at a particularly high risk of hypoglycemia. PSM (performed on 157,573 patient-treatments) revealed comparable reductions in HbA
conclusionsBased on real-world data, predicted rates of severe hypoglycemia with Gla-300 tended to be lower versus first-generation BI analogs and similar versus IDeg in a wide spectrum of patients with T2DM.
fundingSanofi, Paris, France.
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