ArticleChild psychiatry and human development2019
A Longitudinal Study on the Relations Among Fear-Enhancing Parenting, Cognitive Biases, and Anxiety Symptoms in Non-clinical Children.
Article in Child psychiatry and human development, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring intergenerational links and genetic correlates of metacognitive beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Parental Verbal Threat Information in Children's Fear Acquisition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Intergenerational Transmission of Anxious Information Processing Biases: An Updated Conceptual Model.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Review
- Childhood Anxiety: Prenatal Maternal Stress and Parenting in the QF2011 Cohort.Child psychiatry and human development · 2021Article
- Parents still matter! Parental warmth predicts adolescent brain function and anxiety and depressive symptoms 2 years later.Development and psychopathology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This longitudinal study explored the relations between fear-enhancing parenting behaviors (modeling and threat information transmission) and children's cognitive biases and anxiety symptoms on three subsequent time points over a one-year period. Participants were 216 children aged 7-12 years (114 boys and 102 girls), and their mothers (n = 199) and/or fathers (n = 117). On each time point, children and parents completed the Parental Enhancement of Anxious Cognitions scale, which measures parental modeling and threat information transmission. Furthermore, children filled in a measure of anxiety disorder symptoms. In addition, confirmation bias and interpretation bias were measured by means of a number of computerized tasks. The results yielded support for a circular model in which cognitive biases enhanced anxiety symptoms, which in turn promoted cognitive biases on each of the three time points. However, no evidence was found for longitudinal effects of cognitive biases on anxiety or vice versa. In contrast to what we expected, cognitive biases and anxiety appeared to promote parental modeling and threat information rather than the other way around. These findings extend research on the relations between parenting behaviors, cognitive biases, and childhood anxiety symptoms, and suggest valuable leads for assessment and intervention.
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Registered trials
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