ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Pediatric Epilepsy Mechanisms: Expanding the Paradigm of Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance.
Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between theFrontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Adeno-Associated Virus Vector-Mediated Expression of Neuroligin 2 in the Mouse Hippocampus Attenuates the Progression of Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizures.The journal of gene medicine · 2026Article
- Epilepsy as a Multiscale Network Disorder: Integrating Precision Therapeutics and Emerging Experimental Platforms.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Zafirlukast Exacerbates Behavioral Seizure Activity and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Despite Modestly Reducing Neuronal Injury Markers in a PTZ-Induced Early Epileptogenesis Mouse Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Towards Interpretable Seizure Detection: An Excitation/Inhibition Dynamic Polynomial Network Framework for Electroencephalography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- BLIMPS: a technique for tandem biosensor imaging across multiple populations of presynaptic terminals, using lattice light sheet microscopy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome: Mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Dynamic excitation/inhibition balance preceding seizure onset and its link to functional and structural brain architecture.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Enhanced response inhibition in patients with drug-resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Event-related potentials evidence of excitatory-inhibitory imbalance.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Biosafety and efficacy of Kv7 activating rdHSV-CA8∗ analgesic gene therapy for chronic pain via the intra-articular route in mice.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Blood‑brain barrier dysfunction in epilepsy: Mechanisms, therapeutic strategies and future orientation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Beyond Clathrin: Decoding the Mechanism of Ultrafast Endocytosis.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Review
- Altered development and network connectivity in a human neuronal model of 15q11.2 deletion-related neurodevelopmental disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Glutamine Metabolism Drives Epileptogenesis in Primary Hippocampal Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Seizures May Worsen Outcomes of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Longitudinal Serum Biomarkers Study.Pediatric neurology · 2025Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- STXBP1 Syndrome: Biotechnological Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives in Gene Therapy, Experimental Models, and Translational Research.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Review
- High-resolution multimodal profiling of human epileptic brain activity via explanted depth electrodes.JCI insight · 2025Article
- KCC2 inhibition and neuronal hyperexcitability promote extrinsic apoptosis dependent upon C1q.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying seizures and epilepsy have traditionally been considered to involve abnormalities of ion channels or synaptic function. Those considerations gave rise to the excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance theory, whereby increased excitation, decreased inhibition, or both favor a hyperexcitable state and an increased propensity for seizure generation and epileptogenesis. Several recent findings warrant reconsideration and expansion of the E/I hypothesis: novel genetic mutations have been identified that do not overtly affect E/I balance; neurotransmitters may exert paradoxical effects, especially during development; anti-seizure medications do not necessarily work by decreasing excitation or increasing inhibition; and metabolic factors participate in the regulation of neuronal and network excitability. These novel conceptual and experimental advances mandate expansion of the E/I paradigm, with the expectation that new and exciting therapies will emerge from this broadened understanding of how seizures and epilepsy arise and progress.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.