Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30762429›Full record

ArticleAstrobiology2019

Biological Contamination Prevention for Outer Solar System Moons of Astrobiological Interest: What Do We Need to Know?

Petra Rettberg, André Antunes, John Brucato, Patricia Cabezas, Geoffrey Collins, Alissa Haddaji, Gerhard Kminek, Stefan Leuko, Susan McKenna-Lawlor, Christine Moissl-Eichinger and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Astrobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. The archaeal classFrontiers in microbiology · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Microbial Pathogenicity in Space.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Petra Rettberg1Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Köln, Germany.
André Antunes2GEMM-Group for Extreme and Marine Microbiology, Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.
John Brucato3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysical Observatory of Arcetri, National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Florence, Italy.
Patricia Cabezas4Science Connect-European Science Foundation (ESF), Strasbourg, France.
Geoffrey Collins5Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wheaton College, Massachusetts, Norton, Massachusetts.
Alissa Haddaji6Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), Montpellier, France.
Gerhard Kminek6Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), Montpellier, France.
Stefan Leuko1Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Köln, Germany.
Susan McKenna-Lawlor7Space Technology Ireland Ltd., Maynooth, Ireleand.
Christine Moissl-Eichinger8Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Jean-Louis Fellous5Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wheaton College, Massachusetts, Norton, Massachusetts.
Karen Olsson-Francis9Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, School of Environment, Earth & Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.
David Pearce10Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom.
Elke Rabbow1Research Group Astrobiology, Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Köln, Germany.
Samuel Royle11Faculty of Engineering, Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Mark Saunders12Independent Consultant for the US National Academies of Sciences (NAS), Washington, District of Columbia.
Mark Sephton11Faculty of Engineering, Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Andy Spry13Carl Sagan Center, SETI, Mountain View, California.
Nicolas Walter4Science Connect-European Science Foundation (ESF), Strasbourg, France.
Robert Wimmer Schweingruber14Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Abteilung Extraterrestrische Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Jean-Charles Treuet15Eurospace, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To ensure that scientific investments in space exploration are not compromised by terrestrial contamination of celestial bodies, special care needs to be taken to preserve planetary conditions for future astrobiological exploration. Significant effort has been made and is being taken to address planetary protection in the context of inner Solar System exploration. In particular for missions to Mars, detailed internationally accepted guidelines have been established. For missions to the icy moons in the outer Solar System, Europa and Enceladus, the planetary protection requirements are so far based on a probabilistic approach and a conservative estimate of poorly known parameters. One objective of the European Commission-funded project, Planetary Protection of Outer Solar System, was to assess the existing planetary protection approach, to identify inherent knowledge gaps, and to recommend scientific investigations necessary to update the requirements for missions to the icy moons.

Indexed as

Containment of BiohazardsExobiologyExtraterrestrial EnvironmentMoonGenomicsIceMicrobial ViabilityMicrobiotaPlanetsSterilizationVacuumIceEnceladusEuropaIcy moonsPlanetary protectionRequirementsSpacecraft

Identifiers

PMID30762429
PMCPMC6767865

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.