ArticlePsychological services2020
Is deployment status the critical determinant of psychosocial problems among reserve/guard soldiers?
Article in Psychological services, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding the impact of the unique stressors of National Guard service: the National Guard Occupational Demands Model.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Combatting job stress: Integrating healthy workplace and stress models to support military member well-being.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2025Review
- United States Army Reserve/National Guard soldiers' healthcare experiences, attitudes, and preferences: Differences based on deployment status.Psychology, health & medicine · 2024Article
- The relationship of risk-related behaviors and substance use among U.S. Army National Guard/Army Reserve soldiers and deployment differences.Journal of military social work and behavioral health services · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic Responses among National Guard Service Members: Stressors, Coping Strategies, Sleep Difficultiesand Substance Use.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Drug use over time among never-deployed US Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers: The longitudinal effects of non-deployment emotions and sex.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2022Article
- Differences in alcohol screening and alcohol problems among United States veterans based on military service history.Psychological services · 2022Article
- Transition from Military Service: Mental Health and Well-being Among Service Members and Veterans with Service-connected Disabilities.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2022Article
- Resilience to mental health problems and the role of deployment status among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard Soldiers.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Article
- Resilience to Hazardous Drinking Among Never-Deployed Male United States Army Reserve and National Guard Soldiers.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
- Problems with social acceptance and social victimization predict substance use among U.S. Reserve/Guard soldiers.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2020Article
- Behavioral health and treatment-seeking behaviors among deployed vs. non-deployed service members: How impactful is deployment on well-being?Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological AssociationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A general assumption that deployment is the primary catalyst for psychological and social difficulties may contribute to underrecognition and undertreatment of problems among never-deployed service members (i.e., having no history of ever being deployed). We aimed to determine if ever-deployed (i.e., having a history of at least one deployment) and never-deployed United States Army Reserve and National Guard (USAR/NG) soldiers differed in mental health, substance use, and resiliency factors, and to determine the relative influence of deployment status and each of these factors on poor psychosocial outcomes. We analyzed a subset of data from Operation: SAFETY (Soldiers and Families Excelling Through the Years) (N = 404), an ongoing study examining the health and well-being of USAR/NG soldiers. Bivariate analyses demonstrated that soldiers did not significantly differ across a range of measures on the basis of deployment status (ps > 0.05). In fact, Factor Analyses and Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that deployment status was the least salient factor to psychosocial problems among the measured variables and that the observed variables could not accurately discriminate between ever-deployed and never-deployed soldiers, F(8, 374) = 1.34, p > .05. Measures of mental health and substance use were more salient to psychosocial problems (ps < .05). Measures of resiliency loaded negatively onto psychosocial problems (ps < .05), indicating that they contribute to better well-being. Targeting screening and intervention efforts only on soldiers who have been deployed will miss opportunities to intervene on an equally affected group. Resiliency factors should be considered as intervention targets. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.