ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Massive B-Cell Infiltration and Organization Into Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Organs in the Aorta of Large Vessel Giant Cell Arteritis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data Reveals the Mechanism of Formation and Heterogeneity of Tertiary Lymphoid Organ in Vascular Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023Pooled it
- Associations between clinical features and therapy with macrophage subpopulations and T cells in inflammatory lesions in the aorta from patients with Takayasu arteritis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2020Trial
- Review
- Spatially controlled tenascin-C accumulation contributes to inflammatory disease persistence in giant cell aortitis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Across Organs: Context, Composition, and Clinical Levers.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Perivascular Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Autoimmune Disease.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Distinct landscapes of fibroblast subtypes in arteries of patients with giant cell arteritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals cellular heterogeneity in the aortas of Takayasu arteritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Vascular disease persistence in giant cell arteritis: are stromal cells neglected?Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Review
- Review
- Giant Cell Arteritis: Advances in Understanding Pathogenesis and Implications for Clinical Practice.Cells · 2024Review
- Stem-like CD4Science translational medicine · 2023Article
- Identification of biomarkers related to copper metabolism in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Evidence for increased interferon type I activity in CD8+ T cells in giant cell arteritis patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Antibodies in action: the role of humoral immunity in the fight against atherosclerosis.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Review
- New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Mechanisms Involved in Maintaining Vascular Inflammation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Large-vessel vasculitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- Pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis with focus on cellular populations.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) can be classified into Cranial(C)-GCA and Large Vessel(LV)-GCA. Based on analysis of temporal arteries, GCA is postulated to be T-cell-mediated. Recently, a disturbed B-cell homeostasis was documented in newly diagnosed GCA patients. In the current study, we assessed the presence of B-cells and their level of ectopic organization in the aorta of LV-GCA patients. Aorta tissue samples of 9 histologically-proven LV-GCA patients and 22 age- and sex-matched atherosclerosis patients who underwent aortic aneurysm surgery were studied by immunohistochemistry. Sections were stained for B-cells, T-cells, follicular dendritic cells, high endothelial venules, germinal center B-cells, proliferating B-cells, macrophages, and plasma cells. Aortas of LV-GCA patients showed massive infiltration of B-cells, which clearly outnumbered T-cells, as opposed to C-GCA patients where, as previously reported, T-cells outnumber B-cells. B-cells were mainly found in the adventitia of the vessel wall and were organized into artery tertiary lymphoid organs. These tertiary lymphoid organs had germinal centers, proliferating B-cells and plasma cell niches. In conclusion, we found massive and organized B-cell infiltrates in the aorta of LV-GCA patients, which is in line with the previously documented decrease of circulating B-cells in active GCA. Our data indicate a role for B-cells in the pathogenesis of GCA and thus evoke further investigation into the factors determining the tissue tropism and organization of B-cells in GCA.
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Registered trials
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