ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2018
Intestinal Microbiota as a Host Defense Mechanism to Infectious Threats.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy of Neonates with Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review.American journal of perinatology · 2023Pooled it
- Can "LITE" Procedure Combined With a Short Course Antibiotic Treatment Be Effective in Treating the Chronic PJI?-A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Trial
- Effects of Rich in Β-Glucans Edible Mushrooms on Aging Gut Microbiota Characteristics: An In Vitro Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Trial
- Impact of acetaminophen on the growth kinetics and metabolite production of probiotic lactic acid bacteria.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- Decoding Microbiota-Immune Interplay in Viral Pathogenesis: Toward Next-Generation Antiviral Therapies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Establishment of In OvoAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The gut microbiome axis: how Lactobacillus-fermented soymilk orchestrates health.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Microbiota-driven mechanisms in multisystem diseases: integrative evidence across cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and autoimmune disorders.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria: a Promising Mucosal Delivery Vector for Vaccines.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Stool and vaginal microbiome profiles patterns among Black and White endometrial cancer survivors: A pilot study in North Carolina.PloS one · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): Insights into Disease Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dietary Pediocin Supplementation Restores Intestinal Barrier Function and Microbiota Balance inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Microbiota decolonization of bacterial pathogens in pediatric surgery-related intestinal disorders: Insights on current strategies and future outlook.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Review
- Gut mucosa-associated microbiota signatures in healthy individuals and patients at different stages of liver disease: a pilot study.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Bidirectional regulation of the brain-gut-microbiota axis following traumatic brain injury.Neural regeneration research · 2025Article
- Associations between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and different subtypes of epilepsy: A Mendelian randomization study.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Review
- Forging a New Frontier: Antimicrobial Peptides and Nanotechnology Converging to Conquer Gastrointestinal Pathogens.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Infection control rate in two-stage exchange for chronic periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective cohort study focusing on antibiotic-free period.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure-The Role of Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a complex microbial community, with diverse and stable populations hosted by the gastrointestinal tract since birth. This ecosystem holds multiple anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, and immune modulating roles decisive for intestinal homeostasis. Among these, colonization resistance refers to the dynamic antagonistic interactions between commensals and pathogenic flora. Hence, gut bacteria compete for the same intestinal niches and substrates, while also releasing antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocines and changing the environmental conditions. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated in anaerobic conditions prompt epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that favor a tolerogenic immune response. In addition, the commensal flora is involved in the synthesis of bactericidal products, namely secondary biliary acids or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as cathellicidin-LL37, an immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing peptide. Gut microbiota is protected through symbiotic relations with the hosting organism and by quorum sensing, a specific cell-to-cell communication system. Any alterations of these relationships favor the uncontrollable multiplication of the resident pathobionts or external entero-pathogens, prompting systemic translocations, inflammatory reactions, or exacerbations of bacterial virulence mechanisms (T6SS, T3SS) and ultimately lead to gastrointestinal or systemic infections. The article describes the metabolic and immunological mechanisms through which the intestinal microbiota is both an ally of the organism against enteric pathogens and an enemy that favors the development of infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.