ArticlePharmaceutics2019
Investigation of the Quantity of Exhaled Aerosols Released into the Environment during Nebulisation.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Transmitting Coronavirus Disease 2019 During Nebulizer Treatment: A Systematic Review.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2021Pooled it
- Reducing Aerosol-Related Risk of Transmission in the Era of COVID-19: An Interim Guidance Endorsed by the International Society of Aerosols in Medicine.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2020Guideline
- Saudi expert consensus on the management of acute asthma and COPD exacerbations with algorithm of aerosol drug delivery device recommendations.International journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Vibrating Mesh and Jet Nebulizer Performance in Pediatric Respiratory Support: A Multi-Modality In Vitro Comparison.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Salbutamol Reversal of Methacholine Induced Bronchoconstriction: Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer versus Pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- Improving Pulmonary Delivery of Budesonide Suspensions Nebulized with Constant-Output Vibrating Mesh Nebulizers by Using Valved Holding Chamber.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Investigation of infectious droplet dispersion in a hospital examination room cooled by split-type air conditioner.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2024Article
- Respiratory Delivery ofPharmaceutics · 2024Article
- From mesenchymal stem cells to their extracellular vesicles: Progress and prospects for asthma therapy.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Review
- Nebuliser therapy in critical care: The past, present and future.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2024Review
- Article
- Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- Advancing mesenchymal stem cell therapy for asthma towards clinical translation.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluation of aerosol drug delivery with concurrent low- and high-flow nasal oxygen.ERJ open research · 2022Article
- Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of Paediatric Respiratory Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Mitigating exhalation puffs during oxygen therapy for respiratory disease.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2021Article
- Electrochemical Discrimination of Salbutamol from Its Excipients in VentolinSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Emerging treatment strategies for COVID-19 infection.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2021Review
- Evaluation of Aerosol Therapy during the Escalation of Care in a Model of Adult Cystic Fibrosis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Fugitive aerosols in the intensive care unit: a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSecondary inhalation of medical aerosols is a significant occupational hazard in both clinical and homecare settings. Exposure to fugitive emissions generated during aerosol therapy increases the risk of the unnecessary inhalation of medication, as well as toxic side effects.
methodsThis study examines fugitively-emitted aerosol emissions when nebulising albuterol sulphate, as a tracer aerosol, using two commercially available nebulisers in combination with an open or valved facemask or using a mouthpiece with and without a filter on the exhalation port. Each combination was connected to a breathing simulator during simulated adult breathing. The inhaled dose and residual mass were quantified using UV spectrophotometry. Time-varying fugitively-emitted aerosol concentrations and size distributions during nebulisation were recorded using aerodynamic particle sizers at two distances relative to the simulated patient. Different aerosol concentrations and size distributions were observed depending on the interface.
resultsWithin each nebuliser, the facemask combination had the highest time-averaged fugitively-emitted aerosol concentration, and values up to 0.072 ± 0.001 mg m
conclusionsThe results highlight the potential secondary inhalation of exhaled aerosols from commercially available nebuliser facemask/mouthpiece combinations. The results will aid in developing approaches to inform policy and best practices for risk mitigation from fugitive emissions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.