Trial reportPloS one2019
Natural evolution of ductus arteriosus with noninterventional conservative management in extremely preterm infants born at 23-28 weeks of gestation.
Trial report in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conservative Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Assessing Differences in Outcome Measures Between Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Two-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Nonintervention Versus Oral Ibuprofen for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature Infants.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness and safety of rectal dexibuprofen versus oral ibuprofen for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants with gestational age<34 weeks: A pilot study.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyTrial
- Expert consensus on bedside transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely low birth weight infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Impact of transcatheter PDA closure on renal function in extremely low birth weight infants-a multicenter study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Safety and Effectiveness of the KA Micro Plug for Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Retrospective Analysis From a Multicenter Registry.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- PDA in Prematurity: Rethinking a Decades-Old Debate in 2026.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Effect of Transcatheter Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus on Right Ventricular Function in Preterm Neonates.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Liver Regional Oxygen Saturation in Preterm Infants with Patent Ductus Arteriosus Status.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Echocardiographic Predictors and Incidence of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Following Transcatheter Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure in Extremely Premature Infants.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Complications of Interventional Versus Surgical Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Very Preterm Infants-A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Caffeine-associated reduction in patent ductus arteriosus is mediated in part by adenosine receptor antagonism.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Clinical and Echocardiographic Factors Influencing Patent Ductus Arteriosus Treatment in Preterm Neonates.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association between negative T waves in lead V1 and delayed patent ductus arteriosus closure in preterm neonates.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Article
- Association of lung ultrasound score with large patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates during the transitional period.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Serum Biomarkers in Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- PDA management strategies and pulmonary hypertension in extreme preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Pediatric research · 2025Observational
- Improvement of pulmonary edema and respiratory status after transcatheter PDA closure in the smallest and most premature infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Combination of echocardiography with systemic hemodynamic parameters for early risk stratification of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- CD71+ erythroid cells as a potential early biomarker for hemodynamic significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the natural course of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with noninterventional conservative management and whether the presence and/or prolonged duration of hemodynamically significant (HS) PDA increased the risk of mortality and morbidities in extremely preterm (EPT) infants. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of EPT infants born at 23-28 weeks of gestation (n = 195) from January 2011 to June 2014, when PDA was managed with noninterventional conservative treatment. We stratified infants into three subgroups of 23-24, 25-26, and 27-28 weeks and analyzed the prevalence and natural evolution of HS PDA, defined as ventilator dependency and PDA size ≥2 mm. Multivariate regression analyses determined if the presence and/or prolonged duration of HS PDA increased the risk for mortality and/or morbidities. The overall incidence of HS PDA was 57% (111/195) at the end of the first postnatal week. In subgroup analyses, infants with 23-24 weeks of gestation had the highest incidence (93%, 50/54), with 64% (47/74) for 25-26 weeks and 21% (14/67) for 27-28 weeks. Six (5%) of 111 infants with HS PDA were discharged without ductus closure, 4 had spontaneous PDA closure on follow up, and device closure was performed for 2 infants. In the multivariate analyses, the presence or prolonged duration (per week) of HS PDA was not associated with the risk of mortality and/or morbidities. Spontaneous closure of HS PDA was mostly achieved, even in EPT infants, with a noninterventional conservative approach. In conclusion, our data showed the incidence and natural course of HS PDA in EPT infants and suggested that the presence or prolonged duration of HS PDA might not increase the rate of mortality or morbidities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.