ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2019
Morphometric analysis of spinal cord termination in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- MRI-derived three-dimensional modelling reveals cervicothoracic subarachnoid space narrowing in syringomyelia-affected cavalier king charles spaniels.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Diagnosis, surgery, and outcome of tethered cord syndrome in 12 dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Case Report: Filum terminale extradural arachnoid diverticulum associated with tethered cord syndrome in a French Bulldog.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Breed-specific variations in canine spinal cord anatomy: conus medullaris and dural sac termination and filum terminale internum length.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Occult tethered cord syndrome: insights into clinical and MRI features, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes in 30 dogs with confirmed or presumptive diagnosis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Holocord syringomyelia in 18 dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- CT-based and manual external skull measurements for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians.PloS one · 2024Article
- Relationship between clinical parameters and malformations in dogs diagnosed with atlanto-axial instability.PloS one · 2024Article
- Phenotypic characterization of Pomeranians with or without Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Onset of Action of Bupivacaine Administered via Dural Puncture Epidural versus Spinal, Lumbosacral, and Sacrococcygeal Epidural Injections in Dogs: Randomised Clinical Trial.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- The Need for Head Space: Brachycephaly and Cerebrospinal Fluid Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Association between filum terminale internum length and pain in Cavalier King Charles spaniels with and without syringomyelia.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Dural sac localization using myelography and its application to the lumbosacral epidural in dogs.Open veterinary journal · 2021Article
- Computed Tomography-Derived Occipital-Coccygeal Length and Ilium Wing Distance Correlates with Skin to Epidural and Intrathecal Depths in Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2020Article
- Morphometric analysis of spinal cord termination in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is an association between Chiari malformations, syringomyelia (CMSM) and tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in people, suggesting Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with CMSM could also have TCS. Currently there are no data on the position of the caudal spinal cord structures in CKCS.
objectiveTo describe and compare location of spinal cord termination in CKCS with weight-matched controls and to examine the relationship between SM and spinal cord termination. ANIMALS: Thirty-nine CKCS and 33 controls with thoracolumbar MRIs; 34 of 39 CKCS also had cervical MRIs.
methodsBlinded retrospective study. Spinal cord and dural sac termination were determined from T2-weighted sagittal and transverse images and half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo sequences. Intra-observer reliability was determined using kappa analysis. Presence of SM was compared with location of spinal cord and dural sac termination.
resultsIntra-observer reliability was moderate for identifying spinal cord termination (Kappa = 0.6) and good for dural sac termination (Kappa = 0.8). The spinal cord terminated at lumbar vertebra 6 (L6) in 1, 7 (L7) in 22, and sacrum in 16 CKCS versus 9 at L6, 23 at L7, 1 at sacrum in controls. Spinal cord (P < .001) and dural sac (P = .002) termination were significantly more caudal in CKCS compared to controls. The presence of thoracolumbar SM was associated with more caudal dural sac termination in CKCS (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The relationship between TL SM and possible spinal cord tethering because of a more caudal dural sac termination should be investigated.
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