ReviewPsychopharmacology2019
Targeting the immune system in the treatment of bipolar disorder.
Review in Psychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared genetic effect of kidney function on bipolar and major depressive disorders: a large-scale genome-wide cross-trait analysis.Human genomics · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis on the peripheral blood levels of tryptophan and related metabolites.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Genotype epigenome phenotype integration reveals peripheral immune contributions to type I bipolar disorder.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Fibromyalgia, Depression, and Autoimmune Disorders: An Interconnected Web of Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Phytoactive drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Role of Inflammation in Depression and Beyond: A Primer for Clinicians.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Review
- Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons-A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A novel dual serotonin transporter and M-channel inhibitor D01 for antidepression and cognitive improvement.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- High Mobility Group Box 1 Levels as an Inflammatory Mediator in Bipolar Mania.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2024Article
- Plasma IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 levels are decreased during acute manic episodes in bipolar disorder patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Immunoglobulin genes expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines discern and predict lithium response in bipolar disorder patients.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Shifting levels of peripheral inflammatory profiles as an indicator for comorbid multiple autoimmune diseases and bipolar disorder: a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Role of Diet as a Modulator of the Inflammatory Process in the Neurological Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships between Mental Illness and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Schizophrenia, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA), and Herpes Viruses: Immunogenetic Associations at the Population Level.Neuroscience insights · 2023Article
- Dopamine, Immunity, and Disease.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Interventions to Mitigate Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Inflammatory signaling mechanisms in bipolar disorder.Journal of biomedical science · 2021Review
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, a Novel Inflammatory Marker, as a Predictor of Bipolar Type in Depressed Patients: A Quest for Biological Markers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleImmune dysfunction has been strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). As such, numerous clinical trials have investigated the effects of anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of BD.
objectivesReview clinical studies evaluating the effects of anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of BD during all illness phases (e.g., depression, mania, and euthymia).
methodsRelevant databases were searched from inception to August 27, 2018 for clinical studies evaluating the effects of anti-inflammatory agents in BD.
resultsThe majority of identified clinical trials evaluated adjunctive anti-inflammatory agents in the acute treatment of bipolar depression, demonstrating antidepressant effects with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), pioglitazone, minocycline, and coenzyme Q10, along with mixed evidence for omega-3s, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The anti-manic effects of adjunctive anti-inflammatory agents have been minimally studied, with some promising preliminary results supporting potential anti-manic effects of adjunctive celecoxib and NAC. Maintenance studies are also limited, with inadequate evidence to support mood stabilizing effects of anti-inflammatories while euthymic. Regardless of illness phase, early results suggest that anti-inflammatory agents are likely most beneficial in the subgroup of BD with immune dysregulation.
conclusionsSeveral proof-of-concept clinical trials have shown promising results for anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of bipolar depression with moderate effect sizes and good tolerability. The effects of anti-inflammatory agents during manic and euthymic periods remains uncertain. Future larger studies, using stratified samples, enriched for participants with immune dysfunction, are required to determine the role of immune modulating agents in the treatment of BD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.