ArticlemBio2019
HIV-1 Is a Poor Inducer of Innate Immune Responses.
Article in mBio, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- NSUN2-mediated m5C modification of HIV-1 RNA enables evasion of RIG‑I‑dependent innate immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Hiding in Plain Sight: HIV-1 Membraneless Organelles as Nuclear Hubs-Host Hijacking, Replication, Immune Evasion, and Drug-Access Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Intranasal Delivery of HIV/SIV Antigens with NE/AS01B Adjuvants Enhances Cellular Immunity and Reduces Viral Loads in SHIV-Challenged Macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- NF-κB-dependent and independent inflammatory responses during acute HIV-1 infection in a model of human microglia.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lenacapavir-induced capsid damage uncovers HIV-1 genomes emanating from nuclear speckles.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Article
- N6-methyladenosine modification of the subgroup J avian leukosis viral RNAs attenuates host innate immunity via MDA5 signaling.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- In vivo HIV-1 nuclear condensates safeguard against cGAS and license reverse transcription.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- The Functions of N-methyladenosine (m6A) Modification on HIV-1 mRNA.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Review
- HIV-1 with gag processing defects activates cGAS sensing.Retrovirology · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Review
- Toll-like Receptor Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 or Co-Infection with Hepatitis B or C Virus: An Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and HPV: Convergent evolution of selective regulation of cGAS-STING signaling.Journal of medical virology · 2023Review
- HIV-1-induced type I IFNs promote viral latency in macrophages.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- HIV-1 Accessory Proteins Impart a Modest Interferon Response and Upregulate Cell Cycle-Related Genes in Macrophages.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Regulation of cGAS/STING signaling and corresponding immune escape strategies of viruses.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus-1 core: The Trojan horse in virus-host interaction.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Effective host immune responses against viral infection rely on the detection of the virus, activation of downstream signaling pathways, and the secretion of interferons (IFNs) and other cytokines. Many viruses can potently stimulate these responses, whereas the immune response against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains relatively less well characterized. Here we show that HIV-1 infection with reporter viruses does not activate sensing pathways in cell lines and primary cells that are otherwise responsive to foreign nucleic acids. After entry into cells, reverse transcription and reporter expression occur without the virus ever being detected by cellular sensors or stimulating an interferon response. Using multiple methods, including the use of reporter cell lines for type I IFN and NF-κB pathway activation, quantifying mRNA levels for IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and assaying for markers of innate immune activation, we show that single-round pseudotyped HIV-1-based reporter viruses fail to induce innate immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.