Observational studyAge and ageing2019
Changes in physical and mental health are associated with cardiovascular disease incidence in postmenopausal women.
Observational study in Age and ageing, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The impact of exercise on women's health: A bibliometric and visualization analysis (2010-2024).Medicine · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional study on the relationship between physiologic and mental health status and hypertension risk among oil workers in Xinjiang.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- The serum uric acid is longitudinally related to patients global assessment of disease activity in male patients with axial spondyloarthritis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- The Association of Neighborhood Changes with Health-Related Quality of Life in the Women's Health Initiative.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundphysical and mental health are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and death among postmenopausal women. The objective of this study was to assess whether changes in physical and mental health were associated with CVD incidence and death.
methodsin the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, 48,906 women (50-79 years) had complete data at baseline on physical and mental health (assessed with Short Form-36) and key covariates. Changes in self-reported physical and mental health were calculated between baseline and year 3. Incident CVD and death between year 3 and end of the study were verified with medical records.
resultsover a median 8.2-year follow-up, 2,319 women developed CVD, and 1,571 women died, including 361 CVD deaths. Women with continued poor health and those with worsened health had significantly increased risk of CVD incidence, CVD-specific death and all-cause death relative to women with continued good health. Both major and minor declines in physical health were associated with an increased risk of these outcomes relative to women with no change in physical health. Only major declines in mental health were associated with poor prognosis.
conclusionschanges in physical and mental health over 3 years were independently associated with subsequent CVD events.
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Registered trials
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