Observational studyJournal of the International AIDS Society2019
ART adherence and viral suppression are high among most non-pregnant individuals with early-stage, asymptomatic HIV infection: an observational study from Uganda and South Africa.
Observational study in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring linkages between drought and HIV treatment adherence in Africa: a systematic review.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2022Pooled it
- Alcohol Use and Antiretroviral Therapy Non-Adherence Among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Stay-at-Home: The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Household Functioning and ART Adherence for People Living with HIV in Three Sub-districts of Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- Reduced efficacy of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in patients with drug resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase.Nature communications · 2020Trial
- Short Communication: Early Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with Better Viral Suppression and Less HIV Drug Resistance After Implementation of Universal Treatment in South Africa.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of differentiated HIV service delivery in North Wollo, Ethiopia: a retrospective study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- HIV Seroprevalence, Incidence, and Viral Suppression Among Ugandan Female Bar Workers: A Population-Based Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Complexity of Adherence Challenges: Understanding Syndemic Factors Affecting HIV Treatment Adherence During Treatment Initiation in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
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- Potential Clinical and Economic Impacts of Cutbacks in the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Program in South Africa : A Modeling Analysis.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Article
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- Article
- Tobacco smoking, smoking cessation and life expectancy among people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a simulation modelling study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Social networks and HIV treatment adherence among people with HIV initiating treatment in rural Uganda and peri-urban South Africa.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Comparing a point-of-care urine tenofovir lateral flow assay to self-reported adherence and their associations with viral load suppression among adults on antiretroviral therapy.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2024Article
- The fall-And rise-In hospital-based care for people with HIV in South Africa: 2004-2017.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Mobile Phone Technology for Preventing HIV and Related Youth Health Problems, Sexual Health, Mental Health, and Substance Use Problems in Southwest Uganda (Youth Health SMS): Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Disease awareness and healthcare utilization in rural South Africa: a comparative analysis of HIV and diabetes in the HAALSI cohort.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Association of Perceived Social Support with Viral Suppression Among Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV in the US-based Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS).Clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe success of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) access and aspirations for an AIDS-free generation depend on high adherence in individuals initiating ART during early-stage HIV infection; however, adherence may be difficult in the absence of illness and associated support.
methodsFrom March 2015 to October 2017, we prospectively observed three groups initiating ART in routine care in Uganda and South Africa: men and non-pregnant women with early-stage HIV infection (CD4 > 350 cells/μL), pregnant women with early-stage HIV infection and men and non-pregnant women with late-stage HIV infection (CD4 < 200 cells/μL). Socio-behavioural questionnaires were administered and viral loads were performed at 0, 6 and 12 months. Adherence was monitored electronically.
resultsAdherence data were available for 869 participants: 322 (37%) early/non-pregnant, 199 (23%) early/pregnant and 348 (40%) late/non-pregnant participants. In Uganda, median adherence was 89% (interquartile range 74 to 96) and viral suppression was 90% at 12 months; neither differed among groups (p > 0.72). In South Africa, median adherence was higher in early/non-pregnant versus early/pregnant or late/non-pregnant participants (76%, 37%, 52%; p < 0.001), with similar trends in viral suppression (86%, 51%, 79%; p < 0.001). Among early/non-pregnant individuals in Uganda, adherence was higher with increasing age and lower with structural barriers; whereas in South Africa, adherence was higher with regular income, higher perceived stigma and use of other medications, but lower with maladaptive coping and cigarette smoking. DISCUSSION: ART adherence among non-pregnant individuals with early-stage infection is as high or higher than with late-stage initiation, supporting universal access to ART. Challenges remain for some pregnant women and individuals with late-stage infection in South Africa and highlight the need for differentiated care delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.