ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2019
Hyponatremia Is Associated With Increased Osteoporosis and Bone Fractures in Patients With Diabetes With Matched Glycemic Control.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Determinants of Hyponatremia in Hospitalized Patients at a Tertiary Care Center in Mumbai.Cureus · 2025Article
- Mild Hyponatremia Is Not Associated With Degradation of Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Despite Bone Mass Loss.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Association of hyponatremia with bone mineral density and fractures: a narrative review.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiota in Bone Health and Diabetes.Current osteoporosis reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextPatients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for bone fragility fracture secondary to multiple mechanisms. Hyperglycemia can induce true dilutional hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is associated with gait instability, osteoporosis, and increased falls and bone fractures, and studies suggest that compromised bone quality with hyponatremia may be independent of plasma osmolality. We performed a case-control study of patients with diabetes mellitus matched by median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) to assess whether hyponatremia was associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and/or fragility fracture.
designOsteoporosis (n = 823) and fragility fracture (n = 840) cases from the MedStar Health database were matched on age of first HbA1c ≥6.5%, sex, race, median HbA1c over an interval from first HbA1c ≥6.5% to the end of the encounter window, diabetic encounter window length, and type 1 vs type 2 diabetes mellitus with controls without osteoporosis (n = 823) and without fragility fractures (n = 840), respectively. Clinical variables, including coefficient of glucose variation and hyponatremia (defined as serum [Na
resultsMultivariate conditional logistic regression models demonstrated that hyponatremia within 30 days of the outcome measure was independently associated with osteoporosis and fragility fractures (osteoporosis OR 3.09; 95% CI, 1.37 to 6.98; fracture OR, 6.41; 95% CI, 2.44 to 16.82).
conclusionsOur analyses support the hypothesis that hyponatremia is an additional risk factor for osteoporosis and fragility fracture among patients with diabetes mellitus.
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